Amaç: Bu çalışmada, farklı ağız hijyen alışkanlıklarının koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] hastalığı üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu gözlemsel kesitsel çalışma için COVID-19'a yakalanmış erişkin hastalar (≥18 yaş) seçilmiştir. Bu hastalar için yaş, cinsiyet, sistemik hastalık varlığı, fırçalama sayısı, gargara kullanımı, diş ipi kullanımı, sigara kullanım alışkanlığı ve COVID-19 hastalığı semptomlarını sorgulayan ortak bir Anket 1 formu hazırlanmıştır. Ek olarak, yatan hastaların hastalığı geçirme şiddetini skorlayabilmek için hastalığa ait bulguları sorgulayan (solunum sayısı, oda havasında SpO2 düzeyi, akciğer grafisinde veya tomografide pnömoni bulgusu varlığı, kan lenfosit sayısı veya C-reaktif protein, ferritin düzeyi, D-dimer bulguları, hipotansiyon durumu, yoğun bakım ihtiyacı açısından değerlendirilmesi gereken bulguları) 2. bir Anket 2 formu hazırlanmıştır. Bu verilere göre COVID-19 hastalığı şiddeti Skor 1, 2, 3, 4 olarak skorlanmıştır ve ağız hijyeni ile olan ilişkisi değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel analiz için ki-kare testi ve Pearson korelasyon testi yapılmıştır (p<0,05). Bulgular: Yüz doksan bir (108 non-hospitalize, 83 hospitalize) hastanın dâhil edildiği çalışmada sonuç; diş fırçalama sıklığı, gargara ve diş ipi kullanma alışkanlıkları, sigara kullanımı, yaş ve cinsiyet ile COVID-19 geçirme skoru arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0,05). COVID-19 skoru üzerinde yaş etkisi arındırıldığında; diş fırçalama ile -%11,2'lik (p=0,123), gargara kullanımı arasında -%29,8'lik (p=0,009), diş ipi kullanımı arasında -%18,8'lik bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir (p=0,009). COVID-19 hastalığı üzerinde sistemik hastalık etkisi arındırıldığında; diş fırçalama sayısı ile -%15,0'lık bir ilişki (p=0,038), gargara kullanım alışkanlığı arasında -%14,3'lük bir ilişki (p=0,048), diş ipi kullanım alışkanlığı ile -%15,5'lik bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir (p=0,033). Sonuç: COVID-19 nedeniyle hospitalize olan hastaların oral hijyen alışkanlıkları, hastalığı ayaktan geçiren bireylerden daha yetersizdir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Oral hijyen; COVID-19; diş fırçalama; ağız gargarası
Objective: In this study, the effect of different oral hygiene habits on coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) disease was investigated. Material and Methods: Adult patients (≥18 years old) infected with COVID-19 were selected for this observational cross-sectional study. A common Questionnaire 1 form was prepared for these patients, questioning age, gender, presence of systemic disease, number of brushing, using mouthwash, using dental floss, smoking habits and symptoms of COVID-19 disease. In addition, in order to score the severity of the diseases in hospitalized patients, questioning the signs of the disease (respiratory rate, SpO2 level in room air, presence of pneumonia findings in chest X-ray or tomography, blood lymphocyte count or C-reactive protein, ferritin level, D-dimer findings, hypotension, need for intensive care) a 2nd Questionnaire 2 form was prepared. According to these data, the severity of COVID-19 disease was scored as Score 1, 2, 3, 4 and its relationship with oral hygiene was evaluated. Chi-square test and Pearson correlation test were used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). Results: The results of the study in which 191 (108 non-hospitalized, 83 hospitalized) patients were included; a significant correlation was found between tooth brushing frequency, mouthwash and flossing habits, smoking, age and gender, and the COVID-19 score (p<0.05). When the age effect on the COVID-19 score is adjusted; there was a correlation of -11.2% (p=0.123) with tooth brushing, -29.8% (p=0.009) with mouthwash, and -18.8% between using dental floss (p=0.009). When the systemic disease effect on COVID-19 disease is eliminated; a relationship of -15.0% with the number of tooth brushing (p=0.038), a relationship of -14.3% between the habit of mouthwash (p=0.048), a relationship of -15.5% with the habit of flossing a relationship was detected (p=0.033). Conclusion: Oral hygiene habits of patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 are more inadequate than individuals who have had the disease.
Keywords: Oral hygene; COVID-19; toothbrushing; mouthwash
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