Performansın sürdürülebilirliğinin en önemli gerekçelerinden birisi yorgunluğun kontrol altında tutulmasıdır. Bu kontrolün sağlanabilmesi için ise yüklenmelerden elde edilecek verilerin değerlendirme sonrasında objektif hâle getirilmesi gelmektedir. Verilerin dönüşüm ve takip süreci literatürde antrenman yükü monitörizasyonu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Monitörizasyonun sağlıklı bir şekilde gerçekleşebilmesi için iç ve dış antrenman yükleri yöntemleri arasında güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği saptanmış yöntemlerin tercih edilmesi optimum antrenman dozunun belirlenmesindeki kritik faktörlerden biridir. Hem fizyolojik hem de psikolojik unsurların yorgunluğu etkilediği düşünüldüğünde, müsabakaya katılım oranlarının düşmemesi ve engellenmemesi için yorgunluğun monitörize edilmesinin bu süreç yönetiminde etkili olduğu bildirilmiştir. Hastalık, yorgunluk ve toparlanma arasındaki ilişkinin tespit edilebilmesi için çeşitli yöntemlere başvurulması ve sonrasında bu yöntemlerin sporcunun performans süreçleri hakkında bilgi sağlaması durumu, uygulayıcıların mutlaka üzerinde durması gereken konular arasındadır. Ancak bu yöntemler arasında da birçok sınırlılığın var olması yorgunluğun tespiti için tek bir standart yol bulunmasına engel olmaktadır. Bu nedenle yorgunluğun monitörizasyonu için birden fazla yöntemin kullanılması ve daha da sonrasında bu seçilen ölçüm yöntemlerinin tutarlı ve standart bir ölçüm protokolü hâline getirilerek uygulanması uygulayıcılara önerilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, optimal antrenman yükünün belirlenmesi için önemli faktörlerden biri olan yorgunluğun monitörizasyonu için literatürdeki son veriler ışığında antrenman yükü kavramına farklı bir bakış açısı sunmaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Antrenman yükü; monitörizasyon; yorgunluk
One of the most important reasons for the sustainability of performance is to keep fatigue under control. In order to achieve this control, the obtained data must be made objective. The process of data tracking is described in the literature as training load monitoring. In order for the monitoring to be performed in a healthy way, the preference of methods with reliability and validity among the internal and external training load methods is one of the critical factors in determining the optimum training dose. Considering that both physiological and psychological factors affect fatigue, it has been reported that the monitoring of fatigue is effective in this process management. Determining the various methods for determining the relationship between illness, fatigue and recovery is among the issues that practitioners should definitely focus on. However, the existence of many limitations among these methods prevents a single standard way of detecting fatigue. Therefore, it is recommended to practitioners to use more than one method for monitoring fatigue and to apply these selected measurement methods into a consistent and standard measurement protocol. The aim of this review is to review the latest literature on the monitoring of fatigue, which is one of the important factors for determining the optimal training load.
Keywords: Training load; monitoring; fatigue
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