Amaç: Oküler tutulumu olmayan Behçet hastalarında santral makula kalınlığı, total makula hacmi ve makular iç retina tabakalarındaki değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya Behçet hastalığı tanısı ile takipli 40 olgu ve 35 sağlıklı kontrol olgusu dâhil edildi. Behçet hastalığına bağlı oküler tutulum öyküsü olan olgular çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Tüm olgulara spektral domain optik koherens tomografi (Spectralis OKT, Heidelberg, Almanya) ve retina tabakalarının otomatik segmentasyon analizi yapıldı. Total makula hacmi ve santral makula kalınlığına ek olarak, fovea merkezi (1 mm) ve parafoveal bölgede (1-3 mm) 4 kadranda (superior, inferior, nazal, temporal) iç retina tabakalarının ortalama kalınlıkları kaydedildi. Bulgular: Olguların ortalama yaşı Behçet hastalarında 40,6±8,9 yıl, kontrol grubunda ise 41,1±8,9 yıl olup, 2 grup arasında yaş (p=0,814) ve cinsiyet (p=0,355) yönünden anlamlı fark yoktu. Behçet olgularında kontrol grubuna kıyasla total makula hacmi (p=0,006), santral makula kalınlığı (p=0,001) ve makulanın çeşitli kadranlarındaki sinir lifi tabakası, ganglion hücre tabakası ve iç pleksiform tabaka kalınlıklarında anlamlı incelme saptandı. Hastalık süresi ile iç pleksiform tabaka kalınlığı arasında santral (rho=-0,360; p=0,022), inferior (rho=-0,374; p=0,017) ve nazal parafoveal kadranlarda (rho=-0,336; p=0,034) ters korelasyon olduğu görüldü. Sonuç: Oküler tutulumu olmayan Behçet hastalarında total makula hacmi, santral makula kalınlığı ve makulanın iç retina tabakalarının kalınlıklarında sağlıklı olgulara kıyasla azalma saptanmıştır. Ek olarak hastalık süresi iç pleksiform tabaka kalınlığında azalma ile ilişkili bulunmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Behçet hastalığı; ganglion hücre tabakası; iç pleksiform tabaka; optik koherens tomografi; sinir lifi tabakası
Objective: To evaluate the changes in central macular thickness, total macular volume and macular inner retinal layers in patients with Behçet's disease without ocular involvement. Material and Methods: Forty patients with Behçet's disease and 35 healthy control participants were included in this cross-sectional study. Patients with signs of previous ocular involvement of Behçet's disease were excluded. All subjects underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis OCT, Heidelberg, Germany) imaging and automated retinal layer segmentation. Total macular volume, central macular thickness, and the average thicknesses of macular inner retinal layers were measured at the center of the fovea (1 mm) and four quadrants (superior, inferior, nasal, temporal) of the parafoveal region (1-3 mm). Results: The mean age was 40.6±8.9 years in patients with Behçet's disease and 41.1±8.9 years in the control group. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of age (p=0.814) and gender (p=0.355). There were significant reductions in total macular volume (p=0.006), central macular thickness (p=0.001), and the thicknesses of nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, and inner plexiform layer at different quadrants of the macula in patients with Behçet's disease compared to healthy controls. The duration of disease inversely correlated with inner plexiform layer thickness at the central (rho=-0.360; p=0.022), inferior (rho=-0.374; p=0.017), and nasal regions (rho=-0.336; p=0.034). Conclusion: Patients with Behçet's disease without ocular involvement had reduced total macular volume, central macular thickness and thicknesses of macular inner retinal layers compared to healthy controls. Additionally, the duration of disease was associated with a reduction in inner plexiform layer thickness.
Keywords: Behçet's disease; ganglion cell layer; inner plexiform layer; optical coherence tomography; nerve fiber layer
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