Amaç: Bu çalışmada, nazolakrimal kanal tıkanıklığı (NLKT) olan olgularda cerrahi esnasında lakrimal keseden alınan örneklerin mikrobiyolojik değerlendirmesi ve uygulanan tedavinin cerrahi başarıya etkisini incelemek amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Eylül 2019 ve Eylül 2020 arasında, NLKT nedeniyle eksternal dakriyosistorinostomi uygulanan olguların cerrahi esnasında lakrimal keseden alınan lavaj materyallerinin, kültür sonuçları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Üreyen bakterilerin gram pozitif ve gram negatif olarak görülme sıklığı, antibiyotik duyarlılıkları ve uygulanan tedavinin cerrahi başarıya etkileri değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Olguların 3'ü erkek, 53'ü kadın idi. Yaş ortalaması 62,3±6,2 olarak bulundu. Ortalama takip süresi 7,8±2,1 ay idi. Kültür sonucu pozitif saptanan 23 (%38,9) olgunun, 14 (%60)'ünde gram pozitif ve 9 (%40)'unda gram negatif bakteri saptandı. En sık görülen gram pozitif mikroorganizmalar sırasıyla; Staphylococcus aureus (%34,7) ve Streptococcus pneumoniae (%17,3), en sık görülen gram negatif bakteri ise Pseudomonas aeruginosa (%26) oldu. Tespit edilen bakterilere karşı en etkili antibiyotikler; gatifloksasin (%100), sefotaksim (%100) ve amikasin (%95,2) olarak bulundu. Amoksisilin (%40,8) en az etkili antibiyotik olarak göze çarptı. Üreme bulunan 6 olguda, üreme saptanmayan bir olguda cerrahi sonrası değişik zamanlarda izlenen nüks saptandı. Sonuç: Kültür sonuçları, antibiyotik duyarlılık oranları, gram pozitif ve gram negatif etkenlerin görülme sıklığı açısından literatürle kıyaslandığında benzer sonuçlar bulunmuştur. Kültürde üreme olanlarda, izlenen nüks artımı nedeniyle şüpheli olgularda cerrahi esnasında örnek alınması ve gerekirse uygun tedavi uygulanarak sık aralıklarla kontrol edilmesi gereklidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Dakriyosistorinostomi; kültür antibiyogram; mikroorganizma
Objective: In this study, it was aimed to examine the microbiological evaluation of the samples taken from the lacrimal sac during surgery in patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction and the effect of the applied treatment on surgical success. Material and Methods: Culture results of lavage materials taken from the lacrimal sac during surgery in patients who underwent external dacryocystorhynostomy due to nasolacrimal duct obstruction between September 2019 and September 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The frequency of grampositive and gram-negative growth of bacteria, antibiotic susceptibility and the effects of treatment on surgical success were examined. Results: Three of the cases were male and 53 were female. The mean age was 62.3±6.2. The mean follow-up time was 7.8±2.1 months. Of the 23 cases (38.9%) with positive culture results, 14 (60%) had gram positive and 9 (40%) gram negative bacteria. The most common gram positive microorganisms were Staphylococcus aureus (34.7%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (17.3%) and the most common gram negative bacteria was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26%). The most effective antibiotics against the detected bacteria were gatifloxacin (100%), cefotaxime (100%) and amikacin (95.2%). Amoxicillin (40.8%) stood out as the least effective antibiotic. Recurrence was detected at different times after surgery in 6 cases with reproduction and in one without. Conclusion: Similar results were found when compared with the literature in terms of culture results, antibiotic susceptibility rates, and the frequency of gram-positive and gram-negative factors. Because of the increase in recurrence observed in those with culture reproduction, it is necessary to take samples during surgery in suspicious cases and apply appropriate treatment if necessary to be checked frequently.
Keywords: Dacryocystorhynostomy; culture antibiogram; microorganism
- Shun-Shin GA, Thurairajan G. External dacryocystorhinostomy--an end of an era? Br J Ophthalmol. 1997;81(9):716-7. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Pinar-Sueiro S, Sota M, Lerchundi TX, Gibelalde A, Berasategui B, Vilar B, et al. Dacryocystitis: systematic approach to diagnosis and therapy. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2012. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Briscoe D, Rubowitz A, Assia EI. Changing bacterial isolates and antibiotic sensitivities of purulent dacryocystitis. Orbit. 2005;24(2):95-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Chaudhary M, Bhattarai A, Adhikari SK, Bhatta DR. Bacteriology and antimicrobial susceptibility of adult chronic dacryocystitis. Nepal J Ophthalmol. 2010;2(2):105-13. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Toti A. A new conservative method (dacryocystorhinostomy) for the radical treatment of chronic suppuration of the lacrimal sac [in Italian]. Clin Mod Firenze 1904;10:385-7.
- Caldwell GW. Two new operations for obstruction of the nasalduct, with preservation of the canaliculi and an incidental description of a new lacrimal probe. The New York Medical Journal. 1893;57:581-2.
- Coden DJ, Hornblass A, Haas BD. Clinical bacteriology of dacryocystitis in adults. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 1993;9(2):125-31. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Kumar DA. Lacrimal sac infections and microbial analysis. TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science.2017;55(4):293-7. [Crossref]
- Blicker JA, Buffam FV. Lacrimal sac, conjunctival, and nasal culture results in dacryocystorhinostomy patients. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 1993;9(1):43-6. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Huber-Spitzy V, Steinkogler FJ, Huber E, Arocker-Mettinger E, Schiffbänker M. Acquired dacryocystitis: microbiology and conservative therapy. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1992;70(6):745-9. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Amin RM, Hussein FA, Idriss HF, Hanafy NF, Abdallah DM. Pathological, immunohistochemical and microbiologicalal analysis of lacrimal sac biopsies in patients with chronic dacrocystitis. Int J Ophthalmol. 2013;6(6):817-26. [PubMed] [PMC]
- Balikoglu-Yilmaz M, Esen AB, Yilmaz T, Taskin U, Taskapili M, Oktay MF, et al. Bacteriological profile in conjunctival, lacrimal sac, and nasal specimens and conjunctival normalization time following external, endoscopic, and transcanalicular multidiode laser dacryocystorhinostomy. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2016;79(3):163-70. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Negm S, Aboelnour A, Saleh T, Yasser M, Hassanin O. Clinico bacteriological study of chronic dacryocystitis in Egypt. Bulletin of the National Research Centre. 2019;43(35):1-7. [Crossref]
- Chen L, Fu T, Gu H, Jie Y, Sun Z, Jiang D, et al. Trends in dacryocystitis in China: A STROBE-compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(26):e11318. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
.: İşlem Listesi