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Kalp Yetersizliği Semptom Yönetiminde Klasik Masaj ve Gevşeme Egzersizi Kullanımı
The Use of Classical Massage and Relaxation Exercise in the Symptom Management of Heart Failure
J Tradit Complem Med. 2020;3(2):273-9
doi: 10.5336/jtracom.2019-72866
Makale Dili: TR
Tam Metin
ÖZET
Kalp yetersizliği hastalarında dispne, ortopne, ödem, yorgunluk, uyku sorunları, baş dönmesi gibi fiziksel semptomlar zamanla fonksiyonel kapasitede azalmaya, günlük yaşam aktivitelerini yerine getirmede zorluklara, bakım bağımlılığında artmaya, depresyon, anksiyete, tekrarlı hastane yatışlarına ve tüm bu sorunlara bağlı olarak sağlıkla ilişkili yaşam kalitesinde azalmaya neden olmaktadır. Doğası gereği kronik ve ilerleyici bir hastalık olan kalp yetersizliğinde semptomları hafifletme, yaşam kalitesini optimum seviyeye ulaştırma, mortalite ve morbiditeyi azaltmada farmakolojik yaklaşımlara ek olarak, hastalar son yıllarda tamamlayıcı ve integratif yaklaşımlara da yönelmektedir. En geleneksel hemşirelik uygulamalarından biri olan klasik masaj, kalp yetersizliği hastalarında da yararlı etkilerinden dolayı tercih edilmektedir. Ayrıca stresin azaltılmasıyla günlük yaşama daha dengeli devam etme konusunda son yıllarda gevşeme tekniklerine olan ilgi de giderek artmaktadır. Bununla birlikte literatür incelendiğinde, kalp yetersizliği popülasyonunda gevşeme egzersizleri ve klasik masaj gibi tamamlayıcı ve integratif tedavilerin semptomlara yönelik etkilerini inceleyen sınırlı sayıda araştırma olduğu dikkat çekmiştir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma kapsamında, klasik masaj ve gevşeme egzersizlerinin kalp yetersizliği semptomlarına etkileri detaylı şekilde incelenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşirelik; kalp yetersizliği; klasik masaj; rahatlama
Kalp yetersizliği hastalarında dispne, ortopne, ödem, yorgunluk, uyku sorunları, baş dönmesi gibi fiziksel semptomlar zamanla fonksiyonel kapasitede azalmaya, günlük yaşam aktivitelerini yerine getirmede zorluklara, bakım bağımlılığında artmaya, depresyon, anksiyete, tekrarlı hastane yatışlarına ve tüm bu sorunlara bağlı olarak sağlıkla ilişkili yaşam kalitesinde azalmaya neden olmaktadır. Doğası gereği kronik ve ilerleyici bir hastalık olan kalp yetersizliğinde semptomları hafifletme, yaşam kalitesini optimum seviyeye ulaştırma, mortalite ve morbiditeyi azaltmada farmakolojik yaklaşımlara ek olarak, hastalar son yıllarda tamamlayıcı ve integratif yaklaşımlara da yönelmektedir. En geleneksel hemşirelik uygulamalarından biri olan klasik masaj, kalp yetersizliği hastalarında da yararlı etkilerinden dolayı tercih edilmektedir. Ayrıca stresin azaltılmasıyla günlük yaşama daha dengeli devam etme konusunda son yıllarda gevşeme tekniklerine olan ilgi de giderek artmaktadır. Bununla birlikte literatür incelendiğinde, kalp yetersizliği popülasyonunda gevşeme egzersizleri ve klasik masaj gibi tamamlayıcı ve integratif tedavilerin semptomlara yönelik etkilerini inceleyen sınırlı sayıda araştırma olduğu dikkat çekmiştir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma kapsamında, klasik masaj ve gevşeme egzersizlerinin kalp yetersizliği semptomlarına etkileri detaylı şekilde incelenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşirelik; kalp yetersizliği; klasik masaj; rahatlama
ABSTRACT
Physical symptoms such as dyspnea, orthopnea, edema, fatigue, sleep problems, dizziness in patients with heart failure are associated with a decrease in functional capacity over time, difficulties in performing daily living activities, increased dependence on care, depression, anxiety, repeated hospitalizations and all these problems may cause a deterioration in health-related quality of life. Due to the nature of heart failure, which is chronic and progressive, patients are tended to use complementary and integrative therapies in recent years to deal with their symptoms, optimize quality of life, reduce mortality and morbidity, in addition to pharmacological approaches. As one of the most traditional nursing practices, classical massage is also preferred in most of the patients with chronic heart failure due to its beneficial effects. In addition, there has been an increasing interest in relaxation techniques in recent years to maintain a more balanced daily life by reducing stress. However, considering the literature, it is noteworthy that there have been few studies that investigating the effects of complementary and integrative therapies such as relaxation exercises and classical massage in heart failure population. Therefore, the effects of classical massage and relaxation exercises on heart failure symptoms examined in a detailed manner in the current study.
Keywords: Relaxation; nursing; heart failure; classical massage
Physical symptoms such as dyspnea, orthopnea, edema, fatigue, sleep problems, dizziness in patients with heart failure are associated with a decrease in functional capacity over time, difficulties in performing daily living activities, increased dependence on care, depression, anxiety, repeated hospitalizations and all these problems may cause a deterioration in health-related quality of life. Due to the nature of heart failure, which is chronic and progressive, patients are tended to use complementary and integrative therapies in recent years to deal with their symptoms, optimize quality of life, reduce mortality and morbidity, in addition to pharmacological approaches. As one of the most traditional nursing practices, classical massage is also preferred in most of the patients with chronic heart failure due to its beneficial effects. In addition, there has been an increasing interest in relaxation techniques in recent years to maintain a more balanced daily life by reducing stress. However, considering the literature, it is noteworthy that there have been few studies that investigating the effects of complementary and integrative therapies such as relaxation exercises and classical massage in heart failure population. Therefore, the effects of classical massage and relaxation exercises on heart failure symptoms examined in a detailed manner in the current study.
Keywords: Relaxation; nursing; heart failure; classical massage
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