Amaç: Bu çalışmada, infertilite kliniğine başvuran çiftlerin stres seviyesi ve yaşam kalitesi ile infertil kadınların öz yeterliği, fertiliteye hazır oluşluğu ve etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak yürütülen bu çalışma, Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Aile Planlaması İnfertilite Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi'nde Mart-Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında 188 infertil çiftle yürütülmüştür. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında Kadın ve Erkek Tanıtıcı Soru Formu, İnfertilite Stres Ölçeği, İnfertilite Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği-Kısa Formu, Fertilite Hazıroluşluk Ölçeği ve Fertilite İlişkili Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Kadınların bireysel stres seviyelerinin erkeklere kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir [kadınlar: ortanca 3,0, çeyrekler arası genişlik [inter quantile range (IQR)]: 7,0; erkekler: ortanca 3,0, IQR: 6)]. Ayrıca, kadınların duygusal alandaki yaşam kalitesinin erkeklere kıyasla daha düşük olduğu (kadınlar: 72,9±20,7; erkekler: 75,2±19,7), buna karşın zihin-beden alanındaki yaşam kalitelerinin daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (kadınlar: 80,1±20,5; erkekler: 73,9±12,0). Yaşı 35 ve üzerinde olan kadınların öz yeterlilikleri yüksekken, daha önce yardımcı üreme tedavisi almış olanların stres seviyeleri yüksek, fertilite hazır oluşlukları ve yaşam kaliteleri istatistiksel olarak düşük bulunmuştur. Üç yıl ve daha uzun süredir çocuk isteyen kadınların ve ilçede yaşayan erkeklerin stres seviyeleri diğer gruplara göre istatistiksel anlamlı olarak yüksektir. İnfertilite öz yeterlilik algısı 3 yıl ve daha uzun süredir çocuk isteyen kadınlarda yüksek saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Geçmiş tedavi deneyimi ve çocuk isteme süresinin uzamasının kadınları psikolojik olarak etkilediği, kadınların erkeklerden daha çok duygusal zorlanma yaşadığı belirlenen bu çalışmada, sağlık çalışanlarının infertil çiftlere bakım verirken çiftlerde stres seviyesi, yaşam kalitesi, kadınlarda öz yeterlilik ve fertilite hazır oluşluğun değerlendirilmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: İnfertilite; stres; öz yeterlilik; yaşam kalitesi
Objective: This study aimed to examine the stress levels and quality of life of couples attending an infertility clinic, as well as the selfefficacy and fertility readiness of infertile women, and the factors affecting these variables. Material and Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study design study was conducted with 188 infertile couples at the Family Planning Infertility Application and Research Center of Manisa Celal Bayar University between March-December 2021. Data collection tools included the Women And Men Descriptive Characteristics Questionnaire, Fertility Problem Stress Scales, the Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form, Fertility Preparedness Scale, and the Fertility Quality of Life Scale. Results: It was determined that women's individual stress levels were higher compared to men [women: median 3.0, inter quantile range (IQR): 7.0; men: median 3.0, IQR: 6]. Additionally, it was determined that women's quality of life in the emotional domain was lower compared to men (women: 72.9±20.7; men: 75.2±19.7), whereas their quality of life in the mind-body domain was higher (women: 80.1±20.5; men: 73.9±12.0). Women aged 35 and over had higher self-efficacy, while those who had previously undergone assisted reproductive treatment had higher stress levels, and their fertility readiness and quality of life were statistically lower. Women who had been trying to conceive for 3 years or more and men living in rural areas had statistically significantly higher stress levels compared to other groups. The perception of infertility self-efficacy was found to be higher in women who had been trying to conceive for 3 years or longer. Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that previous treatment experience and prolonged duration of wanting a child psychologically affect women, with women experiencing more emotional distress than men. It is considered important for healthcare professionals to evaluate stress levels, quality of life, self-efficacy, and fertility readiness when providing care to infertile couples.
Keywords: Infertility; stress; self-efficacy; quality of life
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