Objective: To reveal how the coronavirus disease- 2019 pandemic has affected the characteristics of patient visits by comparing profiles in a pediatric emergency department (ED). Material and Methods: The period between March 11, 2020, and June 1, 2020, and the same timeframe in 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. For each day, the total number of ED visits was calculated. Patient gender, age, time of ED visit, triage priority, arrival characteristics, diagnostic codes, and hospital admissions for each day's visits were recorded and the proportion was calculated for each parameter. Results: During the study period, ED visits declined by 80.8% in comparison to the previous year. In terms of diagnoses, in 2020, there was a decrease in the mean daily number and proportion of patients diagnosed with infectious diseases (p<0.05). In terms of traumatic injuries, there was a decrease in the number of visits in 2020, but the overall rate had increased, being 14.7% in 2019 and 18.4% in 2020. There was a decrease in the rate of visitors with green codes (p<0.001), but there was an increase in yellow codes (p<0.001) and no difference in red codes (p= 0.980). The proportion of hospitalizations also increased while the total number declined (p<0.05). Conclusion: During the pandemic period, our pediatric ED experienced a significantly decreased volume of visitors presenting with low-acuity conditions. Understanding the frequency and distribution of ED visits can help shape public health preparedness policies such as healthcare planning to ensure the availability of resources.
Keywords: Child; COVID-19; emergency medicine; visit
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 pandemisinin çocuk acil servise başvuru özellikleri üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 11 Mart-1 Haziran 2020 tarihleri ile 2019 yılına ait aynı zaman periyodu incelendi. Her güne ait toplam acil servis başvuru sayısı hesaplandı. Hastaların cinsiyeti, yaşı, başvuru zamanı, triaj kategorisi, hastaneye ulaşım çeşidi, tanı kodları ile hastane yatışlarının sayısı ve toplam sayıya oranı kaydedildi. Bulgular: Çalışma süresi boyunca acil servis başvuru sayılarında bir önceki yıla göre %80,8 azalma saptandı. Hastaların tanıları değerlendirildiğinde, 2020 yılında enfeksiyöz hastalıklarda günlük ortalama hasta sayı ve oranlarında anlamlı azalma mevcuttu (p<0,05). Travmatik yaralanmalar açısından 2020 yılında başvuru sayısında azalma mevcuttu ancak genel oran artmıştı; 2019 yılında %14,7 olup, 2020 yılında ise %18,4 olarak hesaplandı. Yeşil triaj kodlu çocuk oranında düşüş saptanırken (p<0,001), sarı triaj kodlu hasta sayısında artış oldu (p<0,001); ancak kırmızı kodlu hasta sayısında fark yoktu (p= 0,980). Hastaneye yatırılan hasta sayısında, bir önceki yıla göre azalma saptandı; ancak hastaneye yatış oranlarında artış mevcuttu (p<0,05). Sonuç: Pandemi sürecinde, 1 yıl önceki döneme göre aciliyeti olmayan vaka ziyaretlerinde azalma saptandı. Acil servis başvurularının sıklığı ve dağılımının anlaşılması, kaynak kullanımı gibi halk sağlığı hizmet politikalarının yönlendirilmesine katkı sağlayabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Çocuk; COVID-19; acil tıp; ziyaret
- Rotulo GA, Percivale B, Molteni M, Naim A, Brisca G, Piccotti E, et al. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on infectious diseases epidemiology: The experience of a tertiary Italian Pediatric Emergency Department. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;43:115-7. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Wu F, Zhao S, Yu B, Chen YM, Wang W, Song ZG, et al. A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China. Nature. 2020;579(7798):265-9. Erratum in: Nature. 2020;580(7803):E7. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Atalla E, Kalligeros M, Giampaolo G, Mylona EK, Shehadeh F, Mylonakis E. Readmissions among patients with COVID-19. Int J Clin Pract. 2021;75(3):e13700. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Cao H, Ruan L, Liu J, Liao W. The clinical characteristic of eight patients of COVID-19 with positive RT-PCR test after discharge. J Med Virol. 2020;92(10):2159-64. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Raucci U, Musolino AM, Di Lallo D, Piga S, Barbieri MA, Pisani M, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the emergency department of a tertiary children's hospital. Ital J Pediatr. 2021;47(1):21. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Giannouchos TV, Biskupiak J, Moss MJ, Brixner D, Andreyeva E, Ukert B. Trends in outpatient emergency department visits during the COVID-19 pandemic at a large, urban, academic hospital system. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;40:20-6. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Çıkrıkçı Işık G, Çevik Y. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on visits of an urban emergency department. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;42:78-82. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Carret ML, Fassa AC, Domingues MR. Inappropriate use of emergency services: a systematic review of prevalence and associated factors. Cad Saude Publica. 2009;25(1):7-28. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Wong LE, Hawkins JE, Langness S, Murrell KL, Iris P, Sammann A. Where are all the patients? Addressing Covid-19 fear to encourage sick patients to seek emergency care. NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery. 2020. [Link]
- Somani SS, Richter F, Fuster V, De Freitas JK, Naik N, Sigel K; Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, Bottinger EP, Levin MA, Fayad Z, Just AC, Charney AW, Zhao S, et al. Characterization of patients who return to hospital following discharge from hospitalization for COVID-19. J Gen Intern Med. 2020;35(10):2838-44. [PubMed] [PMC]
- Yeo I, Cheung JW, Feldman DN, Amin N, Chae J, Wong SC, et al. Assessment of hospital readmission rates, risk factors, and causes after cardiac arrest: analysis of the US nationwide readmissions database. JAMA Netw Open. 2019;2(9):e1912208. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Uyaroğlu OA, Başaran NÇ, Özişik L, Dizman GT, Eroğlu İ, Şahin TK, et al. Thirty-day readmission rate of COVID-19 patients discharged from a tertiary care university hospital in Turkey: an observational, single-center study. Int J Qual Health Care. 2021;33(1):mzaa144. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Bjørnsen LP, Næss-Pleym LE, Dale J, Laugsand LE. Patient visits to an emergency department in anticipation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2020;140(8). English, Norwegian. [PubMed]
- Boserup B, McKenney M, Elkbuli A. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department visits and patient safety in the United States. Am J Emerg Med. 2020;38(9):1732-6. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Liguoro I, Pilotto C, Vergine M, Pusiol A, Vidal E, Cogo P. The impact of COVID-19 on a tertiary care pediatric emergency department. Eur J Pediatr. 2021;180(5):1497-504. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Kuitunen I, Artama M, Mäkelä L, Backman K, Heiskanen-Kosma T, Renko M. Effect of social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of viral respiratory tract infections in children in Finland during early 2020. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2020;39(12):e423-7. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Bres Bullrich M, Fridman S, Mandzia JL, Mai LM, Khaw A, Vargas Gonzalez JC, et al. COVID-19: stroke admissions, emergency department visits, and prevention clinic referrals. Can J Neurol Sci. 2020;47(5):693-6. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Morello F, Bima P, Ferreri E, Chiarlo M, Balzaretti P, Tirabassi G, et al. After the first wave and beyond lockdown: long-lasting changes in emergency department visit number, characteristics, diagnoses, and hospital admissions. Intern Emerg Med. 2021;16(6):1683-90. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Lazzerini M, Barbi E, Apicella A, Marchetti F, Cardinale F, Trobia G. Delayed access or provision of care in Italy resulting from fear of COVID-19. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2020;4(5):e10-1. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Angoulvant F, Ouldali N, Yang DD, Filser M, Gajdos V, Rybak A, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: impact caused by school closure and national lockdown on pediatric visits and admissions for viral and nonviral infections-a time series analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;72(2):319-22. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Sidpra J, Abomeli D, Hameed B, Baker J, Mankad K. Rise in the incidence of abusive head trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic. Arch Dis Child. 2021;106(3):e14. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Nia A, Popp D, Diendorfer C, Apprich S, Munteanu A, Hajdu S, et al. Impact of lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic on number of patients and patterns of injuries at a level I trauma center. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2021;133(7-8):336-43. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Jang KM, Ahn JY, Choi HJ, Lee S, Kim D, Lee DW, et al. Pediatric emergency department utilization and coronavirus disease in Daegu, Korea. J Korean Med Sci. 2021;36(1):e11. Erratum in: J Korean Med Sci. 2021;36(3):e32. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Paek SH, Kim DK, Lee JH, Kwak YH. The impact of Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak on trends in emergency department utilization patterns. J Korean Med Sci. 2017;32(10):1576-80. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
.: İşlem Listesi