Amaç: Çalışma, geriatrik bireylerde total diz protezi (TDP) ameliyatı öncesi verilen hasta eğitiminin ağrı ve hareket korkusu üzerine etkisini araştırmak için planlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya yaş ortalamaları kontrol grubunda 69,65±3,99 yıl, müdahale grubunda 70,65±4,32 yıl olan 52 birey (44K/8E) dâhil edildi. Hastalar randomize olarak müdahale (26 birey) ve kontrol olmak üzere (26 birey) 2 gruba ayrıldı. Müdahale grubundaki hastalara ameliyattan 3 gün önce, 1 seans, 30-45 dk, hasta eğitimi ve broşür verildi. Kontrol grubundaki bireylerle ise 15 dk'lık ön görüşme yapılarak, ameliyat hakkında bilgi verildi. Tüm bireylerin cerrahi öncesi ve postoperatif 4. haftada ağrı durumları; görsel analog skala, Ağrı Felaketleştirme Ölçeği (AFÖ) ve Ağrı İnançları Ölçeği (AİÖ) ile hareket korkuları Hareket Korkusu Nedenleri Ölçeği (HKNÖ) ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Gruplarda VAS ve AFÖ ölçümlerinin karşılaştırılmasında tüm alt bileşenlerinde farklılık bulundu (p<0,05). Gruplarda AİÖ skorları karşılaştırılmasında müdahale grubunda tüm alt bileşenlerinde anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0,05). Kontrol grubunda organik bileşende fark varken (p<0,05) psikolojik bileşende bir fark bulunmadı (p=0,055). Gruplarda HKNÖ skorları karşılaştırılmasında müdahale grubunda tüm alt parametrelerde fark bulundu (p<0,05); kontrol grubunda ise bulunmadı (p>0,05). Çalışma gruplarının karşılaştırılmasının yapıldığı gruplar arasında fark saptanmadı (p>0,05). Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonucunda, geriatrik bireylerde TDP ameliyatı öncesi verilen kapsamlı hasta eğitiminin ağrı ve hareket korkusu üzerine olumlu etkileri olabileceği görüldü. Geriatrik bireylere özel hazırlanan ameliyat öncesi fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon programlarında mutlaka bu yönde de değerlendirme ve eğitimlere yere verilmesi gerektiği ve ileriki çalışmalarda bu popülasyonda daha çok seanstan oluşan preoperatif hasta eğitim programlarının ve uzun dönem sonuçlarının gösterilmesi gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Total diz protezi; hasta eğitimi; ağrı; kinezyofobi; fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon
Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effect of preoperative patient education on pain and fear of movement in geriatric individuals undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Materials and Methods: A total of 52 individuals (44 females, 8 males) were included in the study, with an average age of 69.65±3.99 years in the control group and 70.65±4.32 years in the intervention group. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the intervention group (26 individuals) and the control group (26 individuals). The intervention group received a single session of patient education and a brochure three days before surgery, lasting 30-45 minutes. The control group received a 15-minute preoperative consultation providing general information about the surgery. Pain levels were assessed preoperatively and at the 4th postoperative week using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and the Pain Beliefs Questionnaire (PBQ). Kinesiophobia was evaluated using Kinesiophobia Causes Scale (KCS). Results: Comparisons of VAS and PCS scores between groups revealed significant differences in all subcomponents (p<0.05). When comparing PBQ scores, significant differences were found in all subcomponents within the intervention group (p<0.05). In the control group, a difference was found in the organic component (p<0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed in the psychological component (p=0.055). When comparing KCS scores, significant differences were found in all subparameters in the intervention group (p<0.05), while no significant differences were observed in the control group (p>0.05). No significant differences were found between the study groups in overall comparisons (p>0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that comprehensive preoperative patient education may have positive effects on pain and fear of movement in geriatric individuals undergoing TKA. It is recommended that preoperative physiotherapy and rehabilitation programs specifically designed for geriatric patients include assessments and educational components addressing these concerns. Future studies should explore preoperative patient education programs with multiple sessions and assess their long-term outcomes in this population.
Keywords: Total knee arthroplasty; patient education; pain; kinesiophobia; physical therapy and rehabilitation
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