Amaç: Obez bireylerde, kalın boyun, küçük ağız açıklığı, kısa sternomental mesafe (SMM) ve tiromental mesafe (TM) nedeniyle zor havayolu görülme sıklığı yüksektir. Bu çalışmada; boyun çevresi (BÇ), ağız açıklığı, SMM ve TM gibi standart ölçümlerine ek olarak boy/BÇ (B/BÇ), BÇ/TM ve BÇ/SMM oranlarının zor entübasyonu belirlemedeki etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Eğitim Planlama Kurulu onayı alındıktan sonra 18 yaş üzeri, beden kitle indeksi (BKİ)>30 kg/m2 , Amerikan Anestezistler Derneği II-III grubu elektif operasyon planlanan ve endotrakeal entübasyon yapılacak 100 olgu bilgilendirilmiş onamları alınarak dâhil edildi. Operasyon odasına alınan tüm olgularda Mallampati skoru Samsoon-Young modifikasyonuna göre değerlendirildi. Daha sonra olgularda çalışma için gerekli ölçümler yapıldı. Verilerin analizi SPSS (Chicago, IL, ABD) 15.0 paket programı ile yapıldı. Ölçümler ''Receiver Operating Characteristic'' analizi ile yapıldı. Eğri altında kalan alanın 0,7 ve üstünde olduğu değişkenler için riskli grubu belirleme duyarlılık ve seçicilik değerleri ile pozitif olabilirlik oranı ve negatif olabilirlik oranı değerleri hesaplandı. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda Entübasyon Zorluk Ölçeği skoruna göre %7 zor entübasyonla karşılaşılmıştır. Mallampati sınıflaması, Cormack-Lehane (CL) sınıflaması, BÇ ve B/BÇ oranı ile zor entübasyon vakaları belirlemede faydalı olacağı saptanmıştır. TM, SMM, BKİ ve ağız açıklığının zor entübasyonu belirlemede yeterli olmadığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada; BÇ, Mallampati ve CL sınıflamaları ve B/BÇ oranı zor entübasyonla ilişkili anlamlı bulunan parametrelerdi. Anestezi pratiğinde önemli olan zor entübasyon olgularının belirlenmesinde bu parametrelerin kullanımının faydalı olacağı kanısına varılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Obezite; zor entübasyon; antropometrik ölçüm
Objective: Obese patients have a high incidence of difficult airway due to thick neck, small mouth opening, short sternomental and thyromental distance. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the effect of height/neck circumference, neck circumference/tiromental distance and neck circumference/sternomental distance ratios in determining difficult intubation in addition to standard measurements. Material and Methods: After the approval of Ankara Training and Research Hospital Education Planning Board, 100 cases who were 18 years old, with body mass index (BMI)>30 kg/m2 and American Society of Anesthesiologists II-III group elective operation scheduled for endotracheal intubation were included with informed consent. The Mallampati score was evaluated according to the Samsoon-Young modification. Data analysis was performed with SPSS package program (Chicago, IL, USA). Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis was performed for measurements. Sensitivity and selectivity values and positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio values for determining the risky group were calculated for variables where the area under the curve was 0.7 and above. Results: In our study, 7% difficult intubations were encountered according to Intubation Difficulty Score. Mallampati classification, Cormack-Lehane (CL) classification, neck circumference and length/neck circumference ratio were found to be useful in determining difficult intubation cases. Tiromental distance, sternomental distance, BMI and mouth opening were not sufficient to determine difficult intubation. Conclusion: In this study, neck circumference, Mallampati and CL classifications, and height/neck circumference ratio were found to be significant parameters associated with difficult intubation. It has been concluded that the use of these parameters would be useful in determining difficult intubation cases that are important in anesthesia practice.
Keywords: Obesity; difficult intubation; anthropometric measurement
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