Obezite, vücuda alınan ve harcanan enerjideki dengesizlik sonucu ortaya çıkan 20. yüzyılın en önemli kronik rahatsızlıklarından biridir. Özellikle de değişen yaşam koşullarıyla birlikte fiziksel aktivite azalması ve kalorili beslenme alışkanlıklarının artması sebebiyle obezite insidansı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Obezite derecesindeki artışa paralel olarak mortalite ve kardiyovasküler hastalık riskinin de arttığı bildirilmektedir. Özellikle de diyabet patogenezinde, obezite ve kilo artışı önemli risk faktörleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bu nedenle obezite tedavisi, obezitenin yol açtığı kronik hastalıkların gelişimi açısından da önem taşımaktadır. Yaşam tarzı değişikliklerinin yanı sıra, geçmişten bu yana obezite tedavisinde, uzun veya kısa vadede kullanılan birçok antiobezite ilacı bulunmakta ve bir kısmı ile ilgili faz çalışmaları hâlâ devam etmektedir. Bu ilaçlardan bazıları ise istenmeyen advers etkileri nedeni ile piyasadan çekilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, geçmişten günümüze obezite tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçların toksikolojik açısından değerlendirilmesi ve advers etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Obezite; advers etki; zayıflama ilaçları; sibutramin; orlistat
Obesity is one of the most important chronic disorders of the 20th century, which is the result of the imbalance of the energy taken in the body and used. The incidence of obesity is increasing gradually, especially due to the changed physical conditions associated with lifestyle and high-calorie eating habits. In parallel, it is stated that the increase in the degree of obesity increases the risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease. Especially in the pathogenesis of diabetes, obesity and weight gain are important risk factors. Therefore, obesity treatment is also important for the development of chronic diseases caused by obesity. In addition to lifestyle changes, there have been many anti-obesity agents used in the long or short term in the treatment of obesity since the past, and some phase studies are still ongoing. Some of these drugs have been withdrawn from the market due to their unwanted adverse effects. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the toxicological aspects of the drugs used in the treatment of obesity and to investigate the adverse effects of these drugs.
Keywords: Obesity; adverse effect; weight loss medications; sibutramine; orlistat
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