Gebelik, maternal alanda büyük değişimlerin yaşandığı, kadın için biyopsikososyal açıdan dinamik ve uyum gerektiren bir süreçtir. Gebelik süresince, kadınlar birçok fizyolojik değişiklik yaşamakta ve gebelikte yaşanan fizyolojik değişiklikler kadınlarda birtakım şikâyetlere ve uyum problemlerine yol açmaktadır. Kadınlar bu süreçte gebeliğe uyum sağlamada ve gebelik şikâyetleri ile baş etmede bütüncül ve zararsız olduklarını düşündükleri geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp uygulamalarını (GETAT) farmakoterapiye alternatif olarak görmektedir. GETAT'nın kullanımını bebeğe zarar vermeyeceği düşüncesi, gebelerin gebelikte görülen problemlerin çözümünde GETAT en uygun seçenek hâline getirmektedir. Geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp uygulamaları içinde yer alan ve zihin ve beden temelli tamamlayıcı terapilerden biri olan yoga prekonsepsiyonel dönem, prenatal dönem, doğum ve postpartum dönem gibi kadın sağlığı alanları için önemli uygulamalardan biridir. Yoga bedeni, duyguları ve zihni bir araya getiren içsel ve dinamik bir deneyim ve etik öğretileri de bünyesinde barındıran bütüncül bir yaklaşımdır. Yoga sunduğu bütüncül bakış açısıyla, gebelik alanında gün geçtikçe popüler olmaya başlamıştır. Gebelikte yapılan yoganın depresyon, stres, anksiyete, anne bebek bağlanması, kas ağrısı, uyku problemleri, kan şekerinin kontrolü, sempatik sinir sistemi, sırt ve bel ağrısı gibi fiziksel ve psikolojik birçok parametre üzerinde olumlu etkisinin olduğu bildirilmektedir. Bu derleme, gebelik yogası hakkında bilgi sağlamak ve yoganın gebelikteki fizyolojik ve psikolojik etkilerini incelemek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp uygulamaları; gebelik; yoga
Pregnancy is a bio-psycho-socially dynamic process for women, where major changes occur in the maternal area. Women experience many physiological changes and physiological changes during pregnancy cause some complaints and adjustment problems. In this process, women prefer traditional and complementary medicine practices, which they think are holistic and harmless, as an alternative to pharmacotherapy in adapting to pregnancy and dealing with pregnancy complaints. The thought that the use of traditional and complementary medicine practices will not harm the fetüs makes traditional and complementary medicine practices the most appropriate option in solving the problems seen during pregnancy. Yoga, which is one of the traditional and complementary therapies based on mind and body, is one of the important practices for women's health areas such as preconceptional period, prenatal period, labor and postpartum period. Yoga is a holistic approach that includes an inner and dynamic experience that brings body, emotions and mind together, and ethical teachings. Yoga is becoming popular among pregnant women with the holistic perspective it offers day by day. It is reported that do yoga during pregnancy has a positive effect on many physical and psychological parameters such as depression, stress, anxiety, mother-baby attachment, muscle pain, sleep problems, control of blood sugar, sympathetic activity, back and low back pain. This review has been prepared to provide information about prenatal yoga and to examine the physiological and psychological effects of yoga on pregnancy.
Keywords: Traditional and complementary medicine practices; pregnancy; yoga
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