Amaç: Bu çalışma, gebelerin algıladığı sosyal destek düzeyinin gebelerin distres, depresyon ve uyku kalitesi ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı türde olan çalışmanın verileri 1 Temmuz 2019-15 Ağustos 2019 tarihlerinde kişisel bilgilerin yer aldığı kişisel bilgi formu, Tilburg Gebelikte Distres Ölçeği (TGDÖ), Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE), Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) ve Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ) ile 259 gebeden toplandı. İstatistiksel verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistiklerle birlikte Spearman korelasyon analizi, Linear ve çok değişkenli regresyon analizi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan gebelerin yaş ortalaması 27,92±5,75, gebelik haftası ortalaması 32,75±5,91 idi. Çalışmamızda, gebelerin ÇBASDÖ ile PUKİ-uyku bozukluğu (p=0,018) ve TGDÖ-olumsuz duygulanım alt boyutu arasında anlamlı, zayıf, negatif yönlü (p=0,016), ÇBASDÖ ile TGDÖ-eş katılımı alt boyutu ve BDE arasında negatif yönlü, orta düzeyde, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki saptandı (p<0,001). Sonuç: Çalışmada, gebelerin algıladıkları sosyal destek düzeyi yükseldikçe uyku kalitesinin de yükseldiği, TGDÖ-olumsuz duygulanım, TGDÖ-eş katılımı ve depresyon düzeylerinin düştüğü saptandı. Kadın sağlığı hemşireleri ve ebeler doğum öncesi bakım hizmetleri kapsamında gebelerin algıladıkları sosyal destek düzeylerini, uyku kalitelerini, distres ve depresyon düzeylerini mutlaka değerlendirmeli ve risk altında olan gebeleri erken tanı ve tedavileri konusunda bilgilendirmelidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Depresyon; distres; gebelik; hemşire; sosyal destek; uyku
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived social support level of pregnant women with distress, depression and sleep quality. Material and Methods: Data of the descriptive study were collected from 259 pregnant women via a personal information form including personal information, Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale (TPDS), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), Multidimensionally Perceived Social Support Scale (MDPSSS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), between July 1st-August 15th, 2019. In the analysis of the statistical data, descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlation analysis, Linear and multivariate regression analysis were used. Results: The mean age of the pregnant women was 27.92±5.75 and the mean gestational week was 32.75±5.91. There was a significant, weak and negative correlation between the pregnant women's MDPSSS and PSQI-sleep disorder (p=0.018) and the TPDSnegative affection lower dimension (p=0.016) and a negative, moderate and statistically significant correlation between the MDPSSS and the TPDS-partner participation lower dimension and the BDI (p<0.001). There was a significant and positive correlation between the PSQI and the TPDS (p=0.005) and the BDI (p<0.001). There was a significant and positive correlation between the TPDS-partner participation lower dimension and the BDI (p<0.001). Conclusion: It was determined that as perceived social support levels of the pregnant women increased, sleep quality increased; whereas the TPDS-negative affection, TPDS-partner participation and depression levels decreased. As the pregnant women's sleep quality worsened, their distress and depression levels increased. Women's health nurses and midwives should certainly evaluateperceived social support levels, sleep quality, distress and depression levels of pregnant women and inform those under risk concerning early diagnosis and treatments, within the scope of prenatal care services.
Keywords: Depression; distress; pregnancy; nurse; social support; sleep
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