Koronavirüsler [coronaviruses (CoVs)], insan ve hayvanlarda ciddi hastalıklara ve salgınlara sebep olmaktadır. Günümüzde hâlen etkinliğini sürdüren şiddetli akut solunum sendromu-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2)], tüm dünyanın yaşam tarzında köklü değişikliklere sebep olmasının yanı sıra sağlık sistemleri ve finansman üzerine de ciddi sonuçlar doğurmuştur. İnsanlarda SARS-CoV-2'nin biyolojisi ve patogenezi ile ilgili son 1 yıldır kapsamlı ve detaylı araştırmalar yapılmakta, hastalığın önlenmesi ve tedavisinde yeni stratejiler geliştirilmeye çalışılmaktadır. CoV'ların 1930'lu yıllardan beri çeşitli hayvan türlerinde respiratorik, gastrointestinal, hepatik, nörolojik ve renal hastalıklara sebep olduğu bilinmektedir. Feline enfeksiyöz peritonitis, patojenik kedi CoV'larının neden olduğu bir hastalıktır. Bu hastalık, granülomatöz lezyonlar (kuru veya nonefüzif form) ya da vücut boşluklarında efüzyon oluşumuna sebep olan vaskülitis (ıslak veya efüzif form) ile karakterizedir. Kedilerin enfeksiyöz peritonitisi, veteriner hekimlik alanında iyi bilinmesine rağmen hekimler için hâlen insanlardaki koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 gibi tedavide zorluk yaratan ve esrarengiz bir hastalık olmasının yanı sıra kedi sahipleri için de üzücü ve kahredici bir tanı olmaya devam etmektedir. Feline enfeksiyöz peritonitisin ortaya çıktığı son 40 yılı aşkın bir süredir patogenezi, teşhisi ve tedavisini geliştirme çabaları için çok sayıda araştırma yapılmış ve yapılmaya da devam etmektedir. Bu derleme, hâlen gizemini koruyan SARS-CoV-2 ve kedi CoV enfeksiyonları arasındaki olası benzerlikler ve farklılıkların ortaya konarak, yapılacak araştırmaların muhtemel tartışma noktalarına katkı sağlaması amacıyla ele alındı.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Koronavirüs; feline enfeksiyöz peritonitis; SARS-CoV-2
Coronaviruses (CoVs) have caused serious diseases and epidemics in humans and animals. Severe acute respiratory syndromeCoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is still ongoing today, has caused serious changes in the life style of the world, as well as serious consequences on health systems and finances. For the last 1 year, comprehensive and detailed research has been carried out on the biology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 in humans, and new strategies are tried to be developed for the prevention and treatment of the disease. It has been known that CoVs cause respiratory, gastrointestinal, hepatic, neurological and renal diseases in various animal species since the 1930s. Feline infectious peritonitis is a disease caused by pathogenic feline CoVs. This disease is characterized by granulomatous lesions (dry or non-effusive form) or vasculitis (wet or effusive form) that causes effusion in body cavities. Although feline infectious peritonitis is well known in veterinary medicine, it is still a frustrating and mysterious disease like coronavirus disease-2019 for physicians, and continues to be a sad and overwhelming diagnosis for owners. For more than 40 years, a great deal of research has been done and continues to be done for the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of feline infectious peritonitis in cats. This review is discussed to reveal the possible similarities and differences between SARS-CoV-2 and feline CoV infections, which are still surprising and remain mysterious, and to contribute to possible discussion points for research on human and feline CoVs.
Keywords: Coronavirus; feline infectious peritonitis; SARS-CoV-2
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