.: ORİJİNAL ARAŞTIRMA
Farklı Ağırlıktaki Yeleklerle Yapılan Pliometrik Antrenmanların Kadın Voleybolcuların Dikey Sıçrama Yüksekliğine Etkisi: Deneysel Araştırma
Effects of Effect of Plyometric Trainings Done with Vests of Different Weights on the Vertical Jump Height of Women Volleyball Players: Experimental Research
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2024;16(2):162-9
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2024-102142
Makale Dili: TR
Tam Metin
ÖZET
Amaç: Farklı ağırlıktaki ağırlık yelekleri yardımıyla 14-17 yaş aktif kadın voleybolcuların dikey sıçramalarına etki eden optimal ağırlık belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 31 kadın voleybolcudan oluşan birinci grup, 16 sporcu ile ortalama yaş 15,4'tür ve bu gruba %5 vücut ağırlığı oranında ağırlık yelekleri giydirilmiştir. İkinci grup ise 15,6 yaş ortalamasına sahip olup 15 sporcuyu içermektedir. Bu gruptaki sporculara vücut ağırlıklarının %10'u oranında ağırlık yelekleri giydirilmiştir. Her iki grup da aynı şekilde 9 haftalık bir pliometrik antrenman programına dâhil edilmiştir. Verilerin normal dağılımı için Shapiro-Wilk testi, grupların karşılaştırılmasında Mann-Whitney U testi, grup içindeki ön ve son testi karşılaştırmak için Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Elde edilen veriler incelendiğinde her iki gruptaki sporcuların dikey sıçrama ve bacak kuvveti parametrelerinde ilk test ve son test sonuçları arasında anlamlı farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). %5 ağırlık yeleği giydirilen grubun dikey sıçrama son test verilerinde 3,1 artış görülürken, %10 ağırlık yeleği giydirilen grupta 2,8 artış görülmüştür (p<0,05). Bacak kuvveti değişkeninde, %5'i ağırlık yeleği giydirilen grubun son test verilerinde 7,5 puanlık bir artış var iken %10'u ağırlık yüklenen grupta 7,4 puanlık artış oluşmuştur (p<0,05). Gruplar arası dikey sıçrama ve bacak kuvveti parametrelerinde ise istatistiksel anlamlılık saptanmamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç: Elde edilen verilere göre bu araştırmada, %5 ağırlık yeleği giydirilen katılımcıların dikey sıçrama ve bacak kuvveti gelişimi %10 ağırlık yeleği uygulanan gruba göre daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmada belli bir kilograma kadar olan ağırlığın dikey sıçrama performansı ve bacak kuvveti üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sporcunun aşırı yüklenmesinin sporcunun performansı üzerinde olumsuz bir etkisi olabileceğinden, yelek ağırlığının %5 olması ideal görülmüştür.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Pliometrik antrenman; voleybol; dikey sıçrama; ağırlık yelekleri
Amaç: Farklı ağırlıktaki ağırlık yelekleri yardımıyla 14-17 yaş aktif kadın voleybolcuların dikey sıçramalarına etki eden optimal ağırlık belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 31 kadın voleybolcudan oluşan birinci grup, 16 sporcu ile ortalama yaş 15,4'tür ve bu gruba %5 vücut ağırlığı oranında ağırlık yelekleri giydirilmiştir. İkinci grup ise 15,6 yaş ortalamasına sahip olup 15 sporcuyu içermektedir. Bu gruptaki sporculara vücut ağırlıklarının %10'u oranında ağırlık yelekleri giydirilmiştir. Her iki grup da aynı şekilde 9 haftalık bir pliometrik antrenman programına dâhil edilmiştir. Verilerin normal dağılımı için Shapiro-Wilk testi, grupların karşılaştırılmasında Mann-Whitney U testi, grup içindeki ön ve son testi karşılaştırmak için Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Elde edilen veriler incelendiğinde her iki gruptaki sporcuların dikey sıçrama ve bacak kuvveti parametrelerinde ilk test ve son test sonuçları arasında anlamlı farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). %5 ağırlık yeleği giydirilen grubun dikey sıçrama son test verilerinde 3,1 artış görülürken, %10 ağırlık yeleği giydirilen grupta 2,8 artış görülmüştür (p<0,05). Bacak kuvveti değişkeninde, %5'i ağırlık yeleği giydirilen grubun son test verilerinde 7,5 puanlık bir artış var iken %10'u ağırlık yüklenen grupta 7,4 puanlık artış oluşmuştur (p<0,05). Gruplar arası dikey sıçrama ve bacak kuvveti parametrelerinde ise istatistiksel anlamlılık saptanmamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç: Elde edilen verilere göre bu araştırmada, %5 ağırlık yeleği giydirilen katılımcıların dikey sıçrama ve bacak kuvveti gelişimi %10 ağırlık yeleği uygulanan gruba göre daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmada belli bir kilograma kadar olan ağırlığın dikey sıçrama performansı ve bacak kuvveti üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sporcunun aşırı yüklenmesinin sporcunun performansı üzerinde olumsuz bir etkisi olabileceğinden, yelek ağırlığının %5 olması ideal görülmüştür.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Pliometrik antrenman; voleybol; dikey sıçrama; ağırlık yelekleri
ABSTRACT
Objective: By using weight vests of different weights, efforts were made to locate the ideal weight that influences the vertical jumps of active female volleyball players, aged between 14 and 17. Material and Methods: The first group, consisting of 31 female volleyball players, with 16 athletes witht an average age of 15.4, was dressed in weight vests with a ratio of 5% of their body weight. The second group has an average age of 15.6 and includes 15 athletes. Athletes in this group were dressed in weight vests weighing 10% of their body weight. Both groups wene included in a 9-week plyometric training program in the same way. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used for normal distribution of the data, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the groups, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the pre- and post- test within the group. Results: When the data obtained was examined, it was determined that there was a significant difference between the first test and last test results in the vertical jump and leg strength parameters of the athletes in both groups (p<0.05). While there was a 3.1 increase in the vertical jump post-test data of the group wearing a 5% weight vest, there was a 2.8 increase in the group wearing a 10% weight vest (p<0.05). While there was a 7.5 point increase in the leg strength variable in the post-test data of the group whose 5% weight was worn with a vest, there was a 7.4 point increase in the group whose 10% weight was loaded (p<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the vertical jump and leg strength parameters between the groups was not detected (p>0.05). Conclusion: According to the data obtained, in this study, it was seen that the vertical jump and leg strength development of the participants wearing a 5% weight vest was higher than the group wearing a 10% weight vest. According to this research, it was determined that weight up to a certain kilo had a positive effect on vertical jump and leg strength performance. Excessive weight loaded on athletes may negatively affect the performance of athletes, so it was deemed ideal that the weight vests used should be 5%.
Keywords: Plyometric training; volleyball; vertical jump; weighted vests
Objective: By using weight vests of different weights, efforts were made to locate the ideal weight that influences the vertical jumps of active female volleyball players, aged between 14 and 17. Material and Methods: The first group, consisting of 31 female volleyball players, with 16 athletes witht an average age of 15.4, was dressed in weight vests with a ratio of 5% of their body weight. The second group has an average age of 15.6 and includes 15 athletes. Athletes in this group were dressed in weight vests weighing 10% of their body weight. Both groups wene included in a 9-week plyometric training program in the same way. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used for normal distribution of the data, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the groups, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the pre- and post- test within the group. Results: When the data obtained was examined, it was determined that there was a significant difference between the first test and last test results in the vertical jump and leg strength parameters of the athletes in both groups (p<0.05). While there was a 3.1 increase in the vertical jump post-test data of the group wearing a 5% weight vest, there was a 2.8 increase in the group wearing a 10% weight vest (p<0.05). While there was a 7.5 point increase in the leg strength variable in the post-test data of the group whose 5% weight was worn with a vest, there was a 7.4 point increase in the group whose 10% weight was loaded (p<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the vertical jump and leg strength parameters between the groups was not detected (p>0.05). Conclusion: According to the data obtained, in this study, it was seen that the vertical jump and leg strength development of the participants wearing a 5% weight vest was higher than the group wearing a 10% weight vest. According to this research, it was determined that weight up to a certain kilo had a positive effect on vertical jump and leg strength performance. Excessive weight loaded on athletes may negatively affect the performance of athletes, so it was deemed ideal that the weight vests used should be 5%.
Keywords: Plyometric training; volleyball; vertical jump; weighted vests
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