Objective: To compare the demographic and clinical features of benign and malignant eyelid tumors in a tertiary referral center from 2018-2023. Material and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed medical records of 256 patients who underwent eyelid tumor surgery, with institutional review board approval. Histopathological findings were classified as benign, malignant, or premalignant. Demographic data, tumor characteristics, and recurrence rates were compared between benign and malignant cases. Results: Of the 256 histopathologically confirmed lesions, 191 (74.6%) were benign, 62 (24.2%) were malignant, and 3 (1.2%) were premalignant. Patients diagnosed with malignant tumors were significantly older than those with benign tumors (65.4±13.1 vs. 47.8±19.3 years, p<0.001). The most common benign tumors were xanthelasma (17.8%, n=34), squamous papilloma (17.3%, n=33), and seborrheic keratosis (11.5%, n=22). Among malignant tumors, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (82.3%, n=51) was most frequent, followed by squamous cell carcinoma (8.1%, n=5) and sebaceous gland carcinoma (6.4%, n=4). Benign tumors were more often found in the upper eyelids and in younger patients (p=0.011), while malignant tumors were more common in the lower eyelids and in older patients (p<0.001). Patients from outside İstanbul had a significantly higher rate of malignant tumors compared to those from İstanbul (p<0.001). Malignant tumors required more extensive excision and reconstruction. Conclusion: BCC was the most common malignant tumor, while xanthelasma and squamous papilloma were the most frequent benign lesions. Malignant tumors, more common in older patients, were often located in the lower eyelids.
Keywords: Basal cell carcinoma; eyelid disease; eyelid neoplasm; pathology
Amaç: 2018-2023 yılları arasında bir üçüncü basamak başvuru merkezinde benign ve malign göz kapağı tümörlerinin demografik ve klinik özelliklerini değerlendirmek ve karşılaştırmak. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışmada, göz kapağı tümörleri nedeniyle cerrahi geçiren 256 hastanın tıbbi kayıtları, etik kurul onayı ile analiz edilmiştir. Histopatolojik bulgular benign, malign ve premalign olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Demografik veriler, tümör özellikleri ve nüks oranları benign ve malign olgular arasında karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Histopatolojik olarak doğrulanan 256 göz kapağı lezyonunun 191'i (%74,6) benign, 62'si (%24,2) malign ve 3'ü (%1,2) premalign olarak saptanmıştır. Malign tümörleri olan hastaların yaş ortalaması, benign tümörleri olan hastalara göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksekti (65,4±13,1 vs. 47,8±19,3 yıl, p<0,001). En sık görülen benign tümörler, ksantelazma (%17,8, n=34), skuamöz papillom (%17,3, n=33) ve seboreik keratoz (%11,5, n=22) idi. En sık görülen malign tümörler ise bazal hücreli karsinom [basal cell carcinoma (BCC)] (%82,3, n=51), skuamöz hücreli karsinom (%8,1, n=5) ve sebase bez karsinomu (%6,4, n=4) olarak tespit edildi. Benign tümörler daha çok üst göz kapaklarında ve genç hastalarda görülürken (p=0,011), malign tümörler daha çok alt göz kapaklarında ve yaşlı hastalarda tespit edilmiştir (p<0,001). İstanbul dışından gelen hastalarda, İstanbul'dan gelen hastalara kıyasla anlamlı derecede daha yüksek oranda malign tümör görülmüştür (p<0,001). Malign tümörler, benign tümörlere kıyasla daha geniş eksizyon ve rekonstrüktif prosedürler gerektirmiştir. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda en sık görülen malign tümör BCC olup, en sık görülen benign tümörler ksantelazma ve skuamöz papillomdur. Yaşlı hastalarda daha sık görülen malign tümörler, genellikle alt göz kapaklarında yer almakta olup malignite riski yüksektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Bazal hücreli karsinom; göz kapağı hastalıkları; göz kapağı tümörleri; patoloji
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