Objective: This study aims to assess complications arising from long-term transurethral (TU) catheter use due to various medical conditions and evaluate management strategies for these patients. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with indwelling TU catheters between March 2020-December 2024. Patients unable to visit the urology outpatient clinic were managed through home care services and telemedicine consultations. TU catheters were replaced biweekly in cases of urinary tract infections and catheter encrustation, and every 4 weeks in patients without complications. Demographic data, catheter use indications, duration, lower urinary tract symptoms, and complications were assessed. Results: A total of 169 patients were included, with 60.9% (n=103) male and 39.1% (n=66) female. The mean patient age was 70.25±23.18 years, with females averaging 75.89±13.02 years and males 66.64±12.33 years. Among male patients, 82.5% (n=85) required TU catheterization due to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Neurological conditions accounted for 41.4% (n=70) of catheter use (alzheimer: 10.7%, dementia: 13.6%, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: 1.8%, hemiplegia: 11.8%, multiple sclerosis: 1.8%), while 4.7% (n=14) required catheterization due to hygiene concerns or limited physical effort capacity. Complications included asymptomatic bacteriuria (24.3%, n=41), bacterial growth in urine cultures (38.5%, n=65), urethral necrosis (6.5%, n=11), and catheter encrustation (5.3%, n=9). Additionally, 5.3% (n=9) had a history of coronavirus disease-2019 infection. Conclusion: The management of patients with long-term TU catheters is essential for preventing complications and optimizing patient outcomes. Regular monitoring and a multidisciplinary approach are critical in ensuring effective care.
Keywords: Catheters; catheter-related infections; elderly care home; health services for the aged; urethra
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, çeşitli tıbbi durumlar nedeniyle uzun süreli transüretral [transurethral (TU)] kateter kullanımından kaynaklanan komplikasyonları değerlendirmek ve bu hastalar için yönetim stratejilerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Mart 2020-Aralık 2024 tarihleri arasında daimi TU kateter takılı hastalar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Üroloji polikliniğine başvuramayan hastalar, evde bakım hizmetleri ve ürolojik konsültasyonlarla tedavi altına alındı. İdrar yolu enfeksiyonu ve kateter enkrustasyonu durumlarında TU kateteri her 2 haftada 1, normal durumda olanlarda ise 4 haftada 1 değiştirildi. Demografik veriler, kateter kullanım endikasyonları, süre, alt üriner sistem semptomları ve komplikasyonlar değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Toplamda 169 hasta çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Hastaların %60,9'u (n=103) erkek, %39,1'i (n=66) kadındı. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 70,25±23,18 yıl olup, kadınların yaş ortalaması 75,89±13,02 yıl, erkeklerin yaş ortalaması ise 66,64±12,33 yıl idi. Erkek hastaların %82,5'i (n=85) benign prostat hiperplazisi nedeniyle TU kateteriyle takip edilmekteydi. Hastaların %41,4'ü (n=70) nörolojik sebeplerle (alzheimer: %10,7, demans %13,6, amyotrofik lateral skleroz %1,8, hemipleji %11,8, multiple skleroz %1,8) ve geri kalan %4,7'si (n=14) hijyenik sorunlar ve düşük efor kapasitesi nedeniyle sürekli TU kateteriyle izlenmekteydi. Hastaların %24,3'ü (n=41) asemptomatik bakteriüri, %38,5'i (n=65) idrar kültüründe üreme, %6,5'i (n=11) üretral nekroz, %5,3'ü (n=9) ise TU kateterinin taşlaşması tespit edildi. Ayrıca, %5,3'ü (n=9) koronavirüs hastalığı-19 geçirmişti. Sonuç: Uzun süreli TU kateterleri olan hastaların yönetimi, komplikasyonları önlemek ve hasta sonuçlarını optimize etmek için önemlidir. Düzenli izleme ve multidisipliner bir yaklaşım, etkili bakımı sağlamada kritik öneme sahiptir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Kateter; kateterle ilgili enfeksiyonlar; yaşlı bakım evi; yaşlılar için sağlık hizmetleri; üretra
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