Objective: Bruxism is an involuntary movement and nonfunctional habit, which causes intraoral soft and hard tissue pathologies and is characterized with teeth grinding and clenching. It is considered that the growth and the pathogenesis of bruxism are affected by multifactorial parameters. The study aimed to evaluate sleep quality and bruxism's effects on sleep quality of sleep bruxism (SB) patients, by using objective and subjective methods. Material and Methods: In this study, two subgroups in the form of normal subjects and SB patients were created for each sex, among 20 females and 20 males. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and actigraphy were applied to all participants. Actigraphy device was affixed to the participants' non-dominant wrist for two nights. The Student t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. Results: According to the PSQI method, a subjective method relying on patients' statements, the SB patients stated that they had lower sleep quality compared to the normal subjects. During the application of the objective method of actigraphy on females, it was identified that there was no significant difference among the normal subjects and the SB patients in terms of parameters such as sleep latency, sleep efficiency, total time in bed, total sleep time, wake after sleep onset, number of awakenings, average awakening, fragmentation index, sleep fragmentation index, body mass index. It was identified that the movement index was higher for the females having bruxism compared to the normal subjects, and such difference was statistically significant. During the application of actigraphy on males, it was concluded that there was no statistically significant difference among the normal subjects and the SB patients relating to any sleep parameters. Conclusion: Pursuant to the PSQI index results, the SB patients declared that they had lower sleep quality than the normal subjects. The results of this study carried out by using the objective method of actigraphy, however, showed that there was no significant difference in terms of the sleep quality of the normal subjects and the SB patients.
Keywords: Bruxism; sleep quality; actigraphy; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
Amaç: Bruksizm; istem dışı, fonksiyonel olmayan, ağız içi sert ve yumuşak dokularda patolojilere yol açan, diş gıcırdatma veya sıkma biçimindeki alışkanlıklardır. Bruksizmin oluşumunun ve patogenezinin multifaktöriyel olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı objektif ve subjektif yöntemleri kullanarak uyku bruksizmli bireylerde, hastaların uyku kalitesini ve bruksizmin uyku kalitesine olan etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya, her cinsiyette sağlıklı ve bruksizmli şeklinde alt gruplar oluşturarak, 20 kadın ve 20 erkek birey dâhil edildi. Tüm katılımcılara Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ) ve aktigrafi uygulaması yapıldı. Aktigrafi cihazı 2 gece boyunca katılımcının non-dominant el bileğine takılmıştır. İstatistik analizde Student t-testi ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: PUKİ'ye göre uyku bruksizmi olan bireyler sağlıklı olanlara oranla daha kötü uyku kalitesine sahip olduklarını belirtmektedir. Kadınlarda aktigrafi uygulamasında uyku latansı, uyku etkinliği, yatakta geçirilen toplam süre, toplam uyku süresi, uyku başlangıcından sonra uyanma, uyanma sayısı, ortalama uyanık kalma süresi, fragmantasyon indeksi, uyku fragmantasyon indeksi ve vücut- kitle indeksi parametreleri açısından uyku bruksizmli ve sağlıklı bireyler arasında karşılaştırma yapıldığında istatistik olarak anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır. Hareket indeksinin bruksizmli kadınlarda, sağlıklı kadınlara göre daha yüksek olduğu ve bu farkın istatistik olarak anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür. Erkeklerde aktigrafi uygulamasında tüm uyku parametreleri açısından bruksizmli ve sağlıklı bireyler arasında karşılaştırma yapıldığında istatistik olarak anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır. Sonuç: PUKİ sonuçlarına göre, bruksizmli hastalar sağlıklı bireylere oranlara daha düşük uyku kalitesine sahip olduklarını beyan etmiştir. Öte yandan, objektif bir yöntem olan aktigrafi metodu kullanılarak yapılan değerlendirmeye göre ise, sağlıklı ve bruksizmli bireyler arasında uyku kalitesi bakımından anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Bruksizm; uyku kalitesi; aktigrafi; Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi
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