Sigara kullanımında mevcut eğilimlerin devam ettiği öngörüldüğünde, 2030 yılına kadar tüm dünyada sigaraya bağlı ölümlerin 8 milyona ulaşacağı tahmin edilmektedir. E-sigaralar, geleneksel sigaraların kullanımını azaltmaya ve/veya tamamen bırakmaya yardımcı olmak için bir alternatif olarak teşvik edilmiş ürünlerdir, ancak sigarayı bırakmayı ne derecede etkilediği henüz açıkça ortaya konulamamıştır. Tütün ve yanma süreci içermediği hâlde inhalasyon yoluyla tüketildiği için E-sigaralar, geleneksel sigara içme şeklini taklit etmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda, E-sigara kullanıcılarının; geleneksel sigarayı bırakmaya yardımcı olması, geleneksel sigara tüketimini ve maliyetini azaltması, sigara içmenin yasak olduğu yerlerde kullanılabilmesi ve geleneksel sigaradan daha az zararlı olması gibi gerekçelerle E-sigarayı tercih ettikleri bildirilmektedir. E-sigaralarda, buhar üretmek için kullanılan sıvılarda çeşitli miktarlarda kimyasal ajanlar bulunmaktadır ve üreticiler, bu kimyasalların birbirleriyle etkileşimi ve güvenliği konusunda yeterli bilgi birikimine sahip değildir. Yüksek ısılarda, E-sigaralarda bulunan bitkisel gliserinin ve propilen gliserolün parçalandığı belirlenmiştir. Kullanıcının nefes almasıyla birlikte E-sigaradaki sıvı bileşim ısıtılarak buharlaştırmaktadır. Bu ısıtma aşaması, fiziksel değişimler ve kimyasal reaksiyonlara yol açarak E-sigara buharının inhalasyonunda toksik bileşenlere dönüşebilmektedir. E-sigaraların sağlığa etkileri ve henüz bilinmeyen yönleri nedeni ile sigarayı bırakmadaki yeri uzmanlar tarafından sıklıkla tartışılan konulardan biridir. Yeni nesil tütün kullanımının son şekli olan E-sigara kullanımının hem ülkemizde hem de dünyada yaygınlaşması nedeni ile, hemşirelerin bu konudaki farkındalıklarının ve bilgilerinin artırılması, bununla birlikte geleneksel sigarayı bırakmada E-sigara kullanımının sonuçları hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olmaları gerekmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Elektronik sigara; sigara bırakma; tütün
Cigarette smoking is estimated to increase to eight million deaths due to smoking in the world by 2030 when it is estimated that the current trends continue. E-cigarettes are encouraged products as an alternative to help reduce or completely quit the use of conventional cigarettes; however, the extent to which it affects smoking cessation has not yet been clearly established. E-cigarettes mimic the conventional form of smoking because they are consumed by inhalation, although they do not contain tobacco and combustion processes. In the studies, E-cigarette users; it is reported that they prefer E-cigarettes because they help to quit conventional cigarettes, reduce the consumption and cost of conditional cigarettes, use it in places where smoking is prohibited and be less harmful than conditional cigarettes. In E-cigarettes, there are various amounts of chemical agents in liquids used to generate steam, and manufacturers do not have sufficient knowledge of the interaction and safety of these chemicals. It was determined that the vegetable glycerin and propylene glycerol in E-cigarettes were degraded at high temperatures. With the breathing of the user, the liquid composition in the E-cigarette vaporizes by heating. This heating phase can turn into toxic components in the inhalation of E-cigarette vapor by causing physical changes and chemical reactions. The role of E-cigarettes in smoking cessation due to its health effects and yet unknown aspects is one of the topics frequently discussed by experts. Due to the widespread use of E-cigarettes, the latest form of new generation tobacco use both in our country and in the world, it is necessary to increase awareness and knowledge of nurses on this issue and in addition to have sufficient information about the usage results of E-cigarettes in quitting conventional cigarettes.
Keywords: E-cigarette; smoking cessation; tobacco
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