Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of different types of whitening toothpastes on the microhardness and surface roughness of composite resins. Material and Methods: 120 discshaped samples each of Clearfil Majesty Esthetic and Gradia Direct Anterior composite resins were randomly assigned to 4 groups, based on the toothpaste used [three whitening toothpastes: Signal White Now (SWN), Colgate Optic White (COW), Ipana 3D White Luxe (IWL), and one non-whitening toothpaste: Sensodyne Promine (SP)]. The samples were brushed using an electrical toothbrush for 4 minutes. Before and after toothbrushing surface roughness (n=15) and Vickers microhardness (n=15) values were measured and the topography of the composite resins was observed using scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni correction (p˂0.05). Results: The surface roughness was significantly affected by the toothpastes (p=0.013) and there was a significant interaction between toothpastes and composite resins (p˂0.001). The surface roughness of composite resins significantly increased after toothbrushing with all toothpastes. SWN and IWL showed significantly higher surface roughness values than SP (p=0.024 and p=0.028, respectively). There was a significant increase in the microhardness values for Gradia Direct Anterior after toothbrushing with SWN, IWL and SP (p=0.003, p˂0.001 and p=0.029, respectively). Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that all toothpastes increased the surface roughness values of Clearfil Majesty Esthetic and Gradia Direct Anterior, and all toothpastes (except COW) increased the microhardness values of Gradia Direct Anterior. Clinicians should notify patients of the abrasive capacity of all toothpastes, especially those that are whitening.
Keywords: Composite dental resin; toothbrushing; toothpaste; surface properties
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, farklı türde beyazlatıcı diş macunlarının kompozit rezinlerin mikrosertliği ve yüzey pürüzlülüğü üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Clearfil Majesty Esthetic ve Gradia Direct Anterior kompozit rezinlerinin her birinden elde edilen disk şeklinde 120 adet örnek, kullanılan diş macununa göre rastgele 4 gruba ayrıldı [3 beyazlatıcı diş macunu: Signal White Now (SWN), Colgate Optic White (COW), Ipana 3D White Luxe (IWL) ve bir beyazlatıcı olmayan diş macunu: Sensodyne Promine (SP)]. Örnekler 4 dk boyunca elektrikli diş fırçası kullanılarak fırçalandı. Fırçalamadan önce ve sonra örneklerin yüzey pürüzlülük (n=15) ve Vickers mikrosertlik (n=15) değerleri ölçüldü ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu kullanılarak kompozit rezinlerin yüzey topografyası gözlemlendi. Veriler tekrarlı ölçümlerde varyans analizi ve Bonferroni düzeltmesi kullanılarak analiz edildi (p˂0,05). Bulgular: Örneklerin yüzey pürüzlülüğü diş macunlarından anlamlı şekilde etkilendi (p=0,013), diş macunları ve kompozit rezinler arasında anlamlı bir etkileşim gözlendi (p˂0,001). Kompozit rezinlerin yüzey pürüzlülük değerleri, tüm diş macunları ile fırçalamadan sonra anlamlı olarak arttı. SWN ve IWL, SP'den daha fazla yüzey pürüzlülüğüne neden oldu (p=0,024 ve p=0,028, sırasıyla). Gradia Direct Anteriorun mikrosertlik değerlerinde SWN, IWL ve SP ile fırçalandıktan sonra anlamlı bir artış belirlendi (p=0,003, p˂0,001 ve p=0,029, sırasıyla). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, tüm diş macunlarının Clearfil Majesty Esthetic ve Gradia Direct Anteriorun yüzey pürüzlülüğünü ve COW hariç diğer tüm diş macunlarının Gradia Direct Anteriorun mikrosertlik değerlerini artırdığı belirlendi. Klinisyenler, özellikle beyazlatıcı diş macunları olmak üzere tüm diş macunlarının abraziv kapasiteleri konusunda hastaları bilgilendirmelidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Kompozit dental rezin; diş fırçalama; diş macunu; yüzey özellikleri
- Casado BGS, Moraes SLD, Souza GFM, Guerra CMF, Souto-Maior JR, Lemos CAA, et al. Efficacy of dental bleaching with whitening dentifrices: a systematic review. Int J Dent. 2018;2018:7868531. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Devila A, Lasta R, Zanella L, Agnol MD, Rodrigues-Junior SA. Efficacy and adverse effects of whitening dentifrices compared with other products: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oper Dent. 2020;45(2):E77-E90. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Demarco FF, Meireles SS, Masotti AS. Over-the-counter whitening agents: a concise review. Braz Oral Res. 2009;23 Suppl 1:64-70. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Joiner A. Whitening toothpastes: a review of the literature. J Dent. 2010;38 Suppl 2:e17-24. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Joiner A, Philpotts CJ, Alonso C, Ashcroft AT, Sygrove NJ. A novel optical approach to achieving tooth whitening. J Dent. 2008;36 Suppl 1:S8-14. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Epple M, Meyer F, Enax J. A critical review of modern concepts for teeth whitening. Dent J (Basel). 2019;7(3):79. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Furuse AY, Gordon K, Rodrigues FP, Silikas N, Watts DC. Colour-stability and gloss-retention of silorane and dimethacrylate composites with accelerated aging. J Dent. 2008;36(11):945-52. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Jin J, Takahashi R, Hickel R, Kunzelmann KH. Surface properties of universal and flowable nanohybrid composites after simulated tooth brushing. Am J Dent. 2014;27(3):149-54. [PubMed]
- Kakuta K, Wonglamsam A, Goto S, Ogura H. Surface textures of composite resins after combined wear test simulating both occlusal wear and brushing wear. Dent Mater J. 2012;31(1):61-7. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Say EC, Civelek A, Nobecourt A, Ersoy M, Guleryuz C. Wear and microhardness of different resin composite materials. Oper Dent. 2003;28(5):628-34. [PubMed]
- Koc Vural U, Bagdatli Z, Yilmaz AE, Yalçın Çakır F, Altundaşar E, Gurgan S. Effects of charcoal-based whitening toothpastes on human enamel in terms of color, surface roughness, and microhardness: an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig. 2021;25(10):5977-85. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Rahardjo A, Gracia E, Riska G, Adiatman M, Maharani DA. Potential side effects of whitening toothpaste on enamel roughness and micro hardness. Int J Clin Prev Dent. 2015;11(4):239-42. [Crossref]
- Hilgenberg SP, Pinto SC, Farago PV, Santos FA, Wambier DS. Physical-chemical characteristics of whitening toothpaste and evaluation of its effects on enamel roughness. Braz Oral Res. 2011;25(4):288-94. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Amaral CM, Rodrigues JA, Erhardt MC, Araujo MW, Marchi GM, Heymann HO, et al. Effect of whitening dentifrices on the superficial roughness of esthetic restorative materials. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2006;18(2):102-8; discussion 109. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- da Costa J, Adams-Belusko A, Riley K, Ferracane JL. The effect of various dentifrices on surface roughness and gloss of resin composites. J Dent. 2010;38 Suppl 2:e123-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Barbieri GM, Mota EG, Rodrigues-Junior SA, Burnett LH Jr. Effect of whitening dentifrices on the surface roughness of commercial composites. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2011;23(5):338-45. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Dos Santos PH, Brogin FF, Catelan A, Suzuki TY, Guedes AP, Pavan S, et al. Effect of whitening and desensitizing dentifrices on composite surfaces treated with surface sealants. J Investig Clin Dent. 2013;4(2):101-6. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Monteiro B, Spohr AM. Surface roughness of composite resins after simulated toothbrushing with different dentifrices. J Int Oral Health. 2015;7(7):1-5. [PubMed] [PMC]
- Kinoshita RYO, Sgura R, Reis MC, Masuda MS, Prazeres PSL, Romão Júnior W, et al. Effect of whitening dentifrices on surface roughness of dental nanofiller-based composites. Stereomycroscopy and AFM analysis. Braz Dent Sci. 2016;19(3):65-74. [Crossref]
- Oliveira RS, Simões HB, Odilon NN, Lima MJP, Campos EJ. Effect of whitening dentifrices containing optical agent on the variation of color, roughness and mass of a nanoparticulate composite resin. Rev Odontol UNESP. 2020;49:e20200073. [Crossref]
- Yilmaz MN, Gul P, Unal M, Turgut G. Effects of whitening toothpastes on the esthetic properties and surface roughness of a composite resin. J Oral Sci. 2021;63(4):320-5. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Nainan MT, Balan AK, Sharma R, Thomas SS, Deveerappa SB. The comparison of the effects of different whitening toothpastes on the micro hardness of a nano hybrid composite resin. J Conserv Dent. 2014;17(6):550-4. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Aydın N, Karaoglanoglu S, Oktay EA. Investigation the effects of whitening toothpastes on color change of resin-based CAD/CAM blocks. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2021;33(6):884-90. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Jassé FF, de Campos EA, Lefever D, Di Bella E, Salomon JP, Krejci I, et al. Influence of filler charge on gloss of composite materials before and after in vitro toothbrushing. J Dent. 2013;41 Suppl 5:e41-4. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Vertuan M, de Souza BM, Machado PF, Mosquim V, Magalhães AC. The effect of commercial whitening toothpastes on erosive dentin wear in vitro. Arch Oral Biol. 2020;109:104580. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Moore C, Addy M. Wear of dentine in vitro by toothpaste abrasives and detergents alone and combined. J Clin Periodontol. 2005;32(12):1242-6. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Wattanapayungkul P, Yap AU, Chooi KW, Lee MF, Selamat RS, Zhou RD. The effect of home bleaching agents on the surface roughness of tooth-colored restoratives with time. Oper Dent. 2004;29(4):398-403. [PubMed]
- Walsh LJ. Safety issues relating to the use of hydrogen peroxide in dentistry. Aust Dent J. 2000;45(4):257-69; quiz 289. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Aytac F, Karaarslan ES, Agaccioglu M, Tastan E, Buldur M, Kuyucu E. Effects of novel finishing and polishing systems on surface roughness and morphology of nanocomposites. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2016;28(4):247-61. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- da Silva EM, Dória J, da Silva Jde J, Santos GV, Guimarães JG, Poskus LT. Longitudinal evaluation of simulated toothbrushing on the roughness and optical stability of microfilled, microhybrid and nanofilled resin-based composites. J Dent. 2013;41(11):1081-90. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Moraes RR, Ribeiro Ddos S, Klumb MM, Brandt WC, Correr-Sobrinho L, Bueno M. In vitro toothbrushing abrasion of dental resin composites: packable, microhybrid, nanohybrid and microfilled materials. Braz Oral Res. 2008;22(2):112-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Ruivo MA, Pacheco RR, Sebold M, Giannini M. Surface roughness and filler particles characterization of resin-based composites. Microsc Res Tech. 2019;82(10):1756-67. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Turssi CP, Hara AT, de Magalhães CS, Serra MC, Rodrigues AL Jr. Influence of storage regime prior to abrasion on surface topography of restorative materials. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2003;65(2):227-32. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Ferretti MA, Pereira R, Lins RBE, Soares MGC, Pinto LJH, Martins LRM, et al. Characterization of low-cost Brazilian resin composites submitted to tooth brushing. Braz Oral Res. 2020;35:e010. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Awliya WY. Effect of bleaching agents and whitening tooth pastes on color stability and microhardness of restorative materials. Pak Oral Dent J. 2007;27(2):249-56. [Link]
.: İşlem Listesi