Amaç: Konya ilinde bulunan özel eğitim ve rehabilitasyon merkezlerinde işitsel rehabilitasyon hizmeti alan işitme kayıplı çocukların ebeveynlerinin verdikleri bilgiler doğrultusunda çocukların demografik, doğum ve sağlık, işitme kaybı, müdahale ve aile profilini ortaya çıkarmak ve ebeveynlerin yasal olarak verilen haklar/hizmetler konularında düşüncelerini almaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmanın evrenini Konya ilinde yaşayan işitme cihazı ve/veya işitsel implant kullanıcısı işitme kayıplı çocukların ebeveynleri oluşturmuştur. Çevrim içi sorucevap formu 135 ebeveyn tarafından yanıtlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri, 60 sorudan oluşan çevrim içi soru-cevap formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Soru-cevap formundaki sorular demografik bilgiler, doğum ve sağlık, işitme kaybı, yasal haklar, aile profili ve müdahale başlıklarında yer almıştır. Bulgular: İşitme kayıplı çocukla en çok annenin ilgilendiği, ebeveynlerin yaklaşık yarısının çocuklarının işitme kaybını kabullenemedikleri ve bazı ebeveynlerin rehberlik ve araştırma merkezlerinde yeterli hizmet alamadığına ilişkin sorunlar yaşadığı belirlenmiştir. Ebeveynlerin çocuklarının rutin odyolojik değerlendirmelerini 1 yıl üzeri aralıklarla yaptırdıkları bulunmuştur. İşitme kaybının fark edilmesi en yüksek oranda 0-6 aylar arasında gerçekleşirken, teşhis yaşının daha geç olduğu belirlenmiştir. İşitme kayıplı çocukların 2/3'ü yenidoğan işitme taramasından kalmıştır. Yüksek oranlarda olmasa da gebelikte ilaç kullanımı, erken doğum, düşük doğum ağırlığı, yenidoğan yoğun bakımda kalma, ek problemlerin varlığının işitme kaybı için risk faktörü olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, edinilmiş işitme kaybında yüksek risk faktörü olarak çocukluk çağı hastalıklarının yer alabileceği düşünülmüştür. Sonuç: İşitme kayıplı çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerden alınan bilgiler doğrultusunda işitme kayıplı çocukların profili çıkarılmıştır. Ebeveynlere sağlanan doğum ve sağlık, işitme kaybı, yasal haklar, aile eğitimi ve müdahaleye ilişkin hizmetlerin bütün olarak sunulması ve bu hizmetlerin daha nitelikli verilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Pediatri; işitme kaybı; işitme cihazları; koklear implantlar; ebeveynler
Objective: To reveal the demographic, birth and health, hearing loss, intervention and family profile of the children in line with the information given by the parents of the children with hearing loss who receive auditory rehabilitation services in the special education and rehabilitation centers in Konya, and to get their opinions on the legal rights/services of the parents. Material and Methods: The population of the study consisted of the parents of children with hearing loss who use hearing aids and/or auditory implants living in Konya. Online question-answer form was answered by 135 parents. Research data were collected through an online question-answer form consisting of 60 questions. The questions in the question-answer form were included in the main titles of demographic information, birth and health, hearing loss, legal rights, family profile and intervention. Results: It has been determined that the mother is the most concerned with the child with hearing loss, nearly half of the parents cannot accept the hearing loss of their children, and some parents have problems related to the lack of adequate service in the guidance and research centers. It was found that parents made their children's routine audiological evaluations at intervals of more than one year. Hearing loss was noticed at the highest rate between 0-6 months, while the age of diagnosis was found to be later. Two-thirds of children with hearing loss fail newborn hearing screening. Although not at high rates, it has been determined that drug use during pregnancy, preterm birth, low birth weight, staying in neonatal intensive care unit, and the presence of additional problems are risk factors for hearing loss. In addition, it has been thought that childhood diseases may take place as a high risk factor in acquired hearing loss. Conclusion: In line with the information received from parents of children with hearing loss, the profile of children with hearing loss was created. It is thought that the services provided to parents regarding birth and health, hearing loss, legal rights, family education and intervention should be provided as a whole and these services should be provided more qualified.
Keywords: Pediatrics; hearing loss; hearing aids; cochlear implants; parents
- Dedhia K, Graham E, Park A. Hearing loss and failed newborn hearing screen. Clin Perinatol. 2018;45(4):629-43. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- TÜİK [İnternet]. [Erişim tarihi: 20 Temmuz 2022]. Doğum İstatistikleri, 2021. Erişim linki: [Link]
- Vos B, Noll D, Pigeon M, Bagatto M, Fitzpatrick EM. Risk factors for hearing loss in children: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis protocol. Syst Rev. 2019;8(1):172. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Carney AE, Moeller MP. Treatment efficacy: hearing loss in children. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1998;41(1):S61-84. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- American Academy of Pediatrics, Joint Committee on Infant Hearing. Year 2007 position statement: Principles and guidelines for early hearing detection and intervention programs. Pediatrics. 2007;120(4):898-921. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Turan Z, Koca A, Uzuner Y. İşitme kayıplı çocuğu olan bir annenin aile eğitimi sürecinin incelenmesi [Evaluation of the early intervention process of the mother of a child with hearing loss]. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi. 2019;20(1):93-117. [Crossref]
- Umat C, Abdul Wahat NH, Che Ross S, Goh BS. Quality of life of parents and siblings of children with cochlear implants. J Otol. 2019;14(1):17-21. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Özdemir ÖMA, Tümkaya F. Yenidoğanda işitme tarama programı ve yönetimi [Hearing screening program in the newborn and management: review]. Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr. 2017;26(1):13-21. [Crossref]
- Nieman CL, Oh ES. Hearing loss. Ann Intern Med. 2020;173(11):ITC81-ITC96. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Hajare P, Mudhol R. A study of JCIH (Joint Commission on Infant Hearing) risk factors for hearing loss in babies of NICU and well baby nursery at a tertiary care center. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021:1-8. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Kenna MA. Acquired hearing loss in children. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2015;48(6):933-53. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Lieu JEC, Kenna M, Anne S, Davidson L. Hearing loss in children: a review. JAMA. 2020;324(21):2195-205. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- McKenna MJ. Measles, mumps, and sensorineural hearing loss. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997;830:291-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Cohen BE, Durstenfeld A, Roehm PC. Viral causes of hearing loss: a review for hearing health professionals. Trends Hear. 2014;18:2331216514541361. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Dayan GH, Quinlisk MP, Parker AA, Barskey AE, Harris ML, Schwartz JM, et al. Recent resurgence of mumps in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(15):1580-9. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Ozcebe E, Sevinc S, Belgin E. The ages of suspicion, identification, amplification and intervention in children with hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;69(8):1081-7. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Yılmazer R, Yazıcı MZ, Erdim İ, Kaya HK, Özcan Dalbudak Ş, Kayhan TF. Follow-up results of newborns after hearing screening at a training and research hospital in Turkey. J Int Adv Otol. 2016;12(1):55-60. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Moeller MP, Tomblin JB. An introduction to the outcomes of children with hearing loss study. Ear Hear. 2015;36 Suppl 1(0 1):4S-13S. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing [Internet]. [Cited: June 4, 2022]. Alexander Graham Bell Association's Recommended Protocol for Audiological Assessment, Hearing Aid and Cochlear Implant Evaluation, and Follow-up. Available from: [Link]
- Boss EF, Niparko JK, Gaskin DJ, Levinson KL. Socioeconomic disparities for hearing-impaired children in the United States. Laryngoscope. 2011;121(4):860-6. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Çitil M, Üçüncü MK. Türkiye'de Engelli Hakları ve Engelliler Hukuku'nun durumu [Disabilities Rights in Turkey and Status of The Disabled Law]. TAAD. 2018;(35):233-78. [Link]
- Aslan S, Bal E. Rehberlik ve araştırma merkezlerinin örgütsel analizi [An organizational analysis of guidance and research centers]. Eğitim ve Bilim. 2014;39(174):313-24. [Crossref]
- Scarinci N, Erbasi E, Moore E, Ching TYC, Marnane V. The parents' perspective of the early diagnostic period of their child with hearing loss: information and support. Int J Audiol. 2018;57(sup2):S3-S14. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Meinzen-Derr J, Lim LH, Choo DI, Buyniski S, Wiley S. Pediatric hearing impairment caregiver experience: impact of duration of hearing loss on parental stress. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2008;72(11):1693-703. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Spahn C, Richter B, Burger T, Löhle E, Wirsching M. A comparison between parents of children with cochlear implants and parents of children with hearing aids regarding parental distress and treatment expectations. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2003;67(9):947-55. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Quittner AL, Barker DH, Cruz I, Snell C, Grimley ME, Botteri M; the CDaCI Investigative Team. Parenting stress among parents of deaf and hearing children: associations with language delays and behavior problems. Parent Sci Pract. 2010;10(2):136-55. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Burger T, Spahn C, Richter B, Eissele S, Löhle E, Bengel J. Parental distress: the initial phase of hearing aid and cochlear implant fitting. Am Ann Deaf. 2005;150(1):5-10. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Findlen UM, Malhotra PS, Adunka OF. Parent perspectives on multidisciplinary pediatric hearing healthcare. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2019;116:141-6. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Turan Z. Yenidoğan işitme tarama programlarının işitme kaybının tanı, cihazlanma ve eğitime başlama yaşına etkisi [Newborn hearing screening programs and their effects on age of diagnosis, hearing aid fitting and education]. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2018;18 (2):1156-74. [Crossref]
- DesGeorges J. Family perceptions of early hearing, detection, and intervention systems: listening to and learning from families. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2003;9(2):89-93. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Hardonk S, Desnerck G, Loots G, Van Hove G, Van Kerschaver E, Sigurjónsdóttir HB, et al. Congenitally deaf children's care trajectories in the context of universal neonatal hearing screening: a qualitative study of the parental experiences. J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ. 2011;16(3):305-24. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Kurtzer-White E, Luterman D. Families and children with hearing loss: grief and coping. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2003;9(4):232-5. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Ansari MS. Assessing parental role as resource persons in achieving goals of early detection and intervention for children with hearing impairment. Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development. 2014;25(4):84-98. [Crossref]
- Yoshinaga-Itano C, Sedey AL, Wiggin M, Chung W. Early hearing detection and vocabulary of children with hearing loss. Pediatrics. 2017;140(2):e20162964. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Marschark M, Shaver DM, Nagle KM, Newman LA. Predicting the academic achievement of deaf and hard-of-hearing students from individual, household, communication, and educational factors. Except Child. 2015;81(3):350-69. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
.: İşlem Listesi