.: ORİJİNAL ARAŞTIRMA
Down Sendromlu Çocuklarda Fiziksel Aktivite ve Performans Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
An Investigation of Physical Activity and Performance Level in Children with Down Syndrome
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2021;6(1):69-77
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2020-75044
Makale Dili: TR
Tam Metin
ÖZET
Amaç: Down sendromu (DS), ciddi bir zihinsel engele sahip olmakla birlikte genel olarak fizyolojik ve fonksiyonel kısıtlılıklara yol açan gelişimsel bir bozukluktur. Daha çok musküloskeletal problemlerle ilişkili olan bu bozukluklar çoğunlukla göz ardı edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, DS'li çocukların fiziksel aktivite ve performans düzeylerini incelemek ve tipik gelişim (TG) gösteren çocuklarla karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 8-12 yaş arası 24 DS ve 24 TG gösteren çocuk dâhil edildi. Tüm çocukların antropometrik ölçümleri alındı. Fiziksel aktivite ve performans düzeyleriyle ilişkili olabilecek değerlendirmeler Beighton Hipermobilite Testi, Fiziksel Aktivite Soru Formu (FASF), 6 Dakika Yürüme Testi (6DYT), Otur Kalk Testi (OKT), Süreli Kalk Yürü Testi (SKYT) ile yapıldı ve hem sağ hem sol taraf gövde rotasyonları ölçüldü. 6DYT ile yürüme hızları hesaplandı. Bulgular: DS'li çocukların FASF, 6DYT, OKT, SKYT sonuçları, yürüme hızları TG gösteren çocuklarla karşılaştırıldığında düşük bulundu (p<0,001). Sağ gövde rotasyonu (p=0,039) ve sol gövde rotasyonu (p=0,003) da DS'li çocuklarda düşük çıkarken, SKYT süreleri ve hipermobilite düzeyleri TG gösteren çocuklara göre yüksek bulundu (p<0,001). Sonuç: DS'li çocukların fiziksel aktivite, fiziksel kapasite, yürüme hızı, alt ekstremite kas kuvveti, fonksiyonel mobilite ve dinamik denge değerlerinin TG gösteren çocuklarla karşılaştırıldığında daha düşük olduğu görüldü. DS'li çocukların fiziksel aktivite üzeylerinin artırılması hareket yeteneklerinin geliştirilmesi açısından önemlidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Down sendromu; fiziksel aktivite; yürüme testi; obezite
Amaç: Down sendromu (DS), ciddi bir zihinsel engele sahip olmakla birlikte genel olarak fizyolojik ve fonksiyonel kısıtlılıklara yol açan gelişimsel bir bozukluktur. Daha çok musküloskeletal problemlerle ilişkili olan bu bozukluklar çoğunlukla göz ardı edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, DS'li çocukların fiziksel aktivite ve performans düzeylerini incelemek ve tipik gelişim (TG) gösteren çocuklarla karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 8-12 yaş arası 24 DS ve 24 TG gösteren çocuk dâhil edildi. Tüm çocukların antropometrik ölçümleri alındı. Fiziksel aktivite ve performans düzeyleriyle ilişkili olabilecek değerlendirmeler Beighton Hipermobilite Testi, Fiziksel Aktivite Soru Formu (FASF), 6 Dakika Yürüme Testi (6DYT), Otur Kalk Testi (OKT), Süreli Kalk Yürü Testi (SKYT) ile yapıldı ve hem sağ hem sol taraf gövde rotasyonları ölçüldü. 6DYT ile yürüme hızları hesaplandı. Bulgular: DS'li çocukların FASF, 6DYT, OKT, SKYT sonuçları, yürüme hızları TG gösteren çocuklarla karşılaştırıldığında düşük bulundu (p<0,001). Sağ gövde rotasyonu (p=0,039) ve sol gövde rotasyonu (p=0,003) da DS'li çocuklarda düşük çıkarken, SKYT süreleri ve hipermobilite düzeyleri TG gösteren çocuklara göre yüksek bulundu (p<0,001). Sonuç: DS'li çocukların fiziksel aktivite, fiziksel kapasite, yürüme hızı, alt ekstremite kas kuvveti, fonksiyonel mobilite ve dinamik denge değerlerinin TG gösteren çocuklarla karşılaştırıldığında daha düşük olduğu görüldü. DS'li çocukların fiziksel aktivite üzeylerinin artırılması hareket yeteneklerinin geliştirilmesi açısından önemlidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Down sendromu; fiziksel aktivite; yürüme testi; obezite
ABSTRACT
Objective: Although Down syndrome (DS) has a serious cognitive disability, it is a developmental disorder that generally causes physiological and functional limitations. These disorders, which are mostly related to musculoskeletal problems, are usually ignored. The aim of this study is to compare the physical activity and performance levels of children with DS and children with typical development (TD). Material and Methods: Twenty-four cihildren with DS and 24 children with TD aged 8-12 years were included in this study. Anthropometric measurements of all children were assessed and the obesity status of children were examined. Assessments related to performance levels and physical activity were evaluated with Beighton Hypermobility Test (BHT), Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), 6- Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Sit-to-Stand Test (SST), Timed-Up and Go Test (TUG), and trunk rotations were measured for both right and left side. Walking speeds were calculated via 6MWT. Results: Nine children with DS and 1 with TD was defined as obese. PAQ-C, 6MWT, SST, TUG results and walking speed of children with DS were found lower compared to children with TD (p<0.001). Trunk rotation of right side (p=0.039) and left side (p=0.003) were also lower in DS children, while TUG results and hypermobility levels were higher compared to children with TD (p<0.001). Conclusion: Physical activity, physical capacity, walking speed, muscle strength of lower extremity, functional mobility and dynamic balance values of children with DS were found lower compared to children with TD. It is important increasing the physical activity levels of children with DS for improving their mobility.
Keywords: Down syndrome; physical activity; walk test; obesity
Objective: Although Down syndrome (DS) has a serious cognitive disability, it is a developmental disorder that generally causes physiological and functional limitations. These disorders, which are mostly related to musculoskeletal problems, are usually ignored. The aim of this study is to compare the physical activity and performance levels of children with DS and children with typical development (TD). Material and Methods: Twenty-four cihildren with DS and 24 children with TD aged 8-12 years were included in this study. Anthropometric measurements of all children were assessed and the obesity status of children were examined. Assessments related to performance levels and physical activity were evaluated with Beighton Hypermobility Test (BHT), Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), 6- Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Sit-to-Stand Test (SST), Timed-Up and Go Test (TUG), and trunk rotations were measured for both right and left side. Walking speeds were calculated via 6MWT. Results: Nine children with DS and 1 with TD was defined as obese. PAQ-C, 6MWT, SST, TUG results and walking speed of children with DS were found lower compared to children with TD (p<0.001). Trunk rotation of right side (p=0.039) and left side (p=0.003) were also lower in DS children, while TUG results and hypermobility levels were higher compared to children with TD (p<0.001). Conclusion: Physical activity, physical capacity, walking speed, muscle strength of lower extremity, functional mobility and dynamic balance values of children with DS were found lower compared to children with TD. It is important increasing the physical activity levels of children with DS for improving their mobility.
Keywords: Down syndrome; physical activity; walk test; obesity
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