Objective: Wilson disease is a very rare disease of copper metabolism. The objective of this study is to describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and to correlate the laboratory values and brain MRI findings in Wilson disease. Material and Methods: A total of 55 patients with Wilson disease and 55 normal controls underwent conventional MRI and susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI). MRI findings and laboratory findings of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were examined in 3 groups according to T1-T2 signal intensity features and in 2 groups according to the dark paramagnetic signal in SWI. Results: A total of 25 (45.4%) patients had abnormal signal intensities either on T1 or T2 sequences. The globus pallidus and the putamen were the most commonly involved localizations on T1 and T2 sequences, respectively. Eighteen patients (32.7%) had dark paramagnetic signals in the basal ganglia in SWI. Ceruloplasmin levels were low in the 90% of the patients (n=50) and 24-hour urine copper levels were found high in the 94.5% of the patients (n=52). The mean ceruloplasmin level was lower and the mean urine copper level was higher in the group with high signal intensity on T2-weighted image and in the group with darc paramagnetic signal in SWI than others. Conclusion: Although biochemical tests are used in the diagnosis of Wilson disease, additional findings are needed to confirm the diagnosis. Brain MRI findings can be helpful in the diagnosis.
Keywords: ilson disease (hepatolenticular degeneration); magnetic resonance imaging; ceruloplasmin
Amaç: Wilson hastalığı çok nadir görülen bir bakır metabolizması hastalığıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Wilson hastalığında manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) bulgularını tanımlamak ve laboratuvar değerleri ile beyin MRG bulgularını ilişkilendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda toplam 55 Wilson hastası ve 55 kontrol hastasının konvansiyonel MRG ve 'susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)' incelemeleri değerlendirildi. Hastaların MRG bulguları ve laboratuvar bulguları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Hastalar T1-T2 ağırlıklı sekanslardaki sinyal özelliklerine göre 3 gruba ve SWI sekansındaki paramanyetik sinyal özelliğine göre 2 gruba ayrılarak incelendi. Bulgular: Toplam 25 (%45,4) hastada T1 veya T2 sekanslarında yüksek sinyal mevcuttu. Globus pallidus ve putamen, sırasıyla T1 ve T2 sekanslarda en sık tutulan bölgeydi. On sekiz hastada (%32,7) SWI görüntülerde bazal ganglionlarda paramanyetik sinyal izlendi. Hastaların %90'ında (n=50) serum seruloplazmin düzeyleri düşük iken, %94,5'inde (n=52) ise 24 saatlik idrar bakır düzeyleri yüksek bulundu. Serum seruloplazmin seviyelerinin ortalaması T2 ağırlıklı görüntülerde yüksek, sinyal intensitesi olan hastalarda ve SWI görüntülerde paramanyetik sinyal olan hastalarda daha düşük bulunurken; 24 saatlik idrar bakır seviyelerinin ortalaması T2 ağırlıklı görüntülerde yüksek, sinyal intensitesi olan hastalarda ve SWI görüntülerde paramanyetik sinyal olan hastalarda daha yüksek olarak bulundu. Sonuç: Wilson hastalığının tanısında biyokimyasal testler kullanılsa da erken dönemde tanıyı doğrulamak için ek bulgulara ihtiyaç vardır. Beyin MRG bulguları tanıda yardımcı olabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Wilson hastalığı (hepatolentiküler dejenerasyon); manyetik rezonans görüntüleme; seruloplazmin
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