.: ORİJİNAL ARAŞTIRMA
Comparison of Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Pseudoexfoliative Glaucomawith Normal Subjects
Psödoeksfoliasyon Sendromu ve Psödoeksfoliasyon Glokomu Olan Hastalarda Koroid Kalınlığının Normal Olgularla Karşılaştırılması
Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol. 2020;29(3):231-8
doi: 10.5336/ophthal.2019-72739
Makale Dili: EN
Tam Metin
ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the choroidal thickness in pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PES) and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG) cases with healthy individuals. Material and Methods: We included 31 eyes of 31 patients with PES, 31 eyes of 31 patients with PEG, and 33 eyes of 33 healthy individuals in this study. All patients underwent choroidal thickness measurement at the subfoveal, nasal 500 µm, nasal 1000 µm, temporal 500 µm, and temporal 1000 µm areas by using the optical coherence tomography (3D OCT-2000, Topcon, Japan) device. Results: There was no difference between the groups for gender and axial length (p>0.05). The subfoveal, nasal 500 µm and temporal 500 µm choroidal thickness values of the PEG cases were statistically significantly lower than the PES cases and the healthy group (p0.05). Conclusion: We found the subfoveal, nasal 500 µm and temporal 500 µm choroidal thicknesses to be significantly lower in the PEG cases than the other two groups. Choroidal thicknesses at the subfoveal and nasal 500 µm areas were also lower in the PES group than the control group but without statistical significance.
Keywords: Choroid; exfoliation syndrome; optical coherence tomography
Objective: To compare the choroidal thickness in pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PES) and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG) cases with healthy individuals. Material and Methods: We included 31 eyes of 31 patients with PES, 31 eyes of 31 patients with PEG, and 33 eyes of 33 healthy individuals in this study. All patients underwent choroidal thickness measurement at the subfoveal, nasal 500 µm, nasal 1000 µm, temporal 500 µm, and temporal 1000 µm areas by using the optical coherence tomography (3D OCT-2000, Topcon, Japan) device. Results: There was no difference between the groups for gender and axial length (p>0.05). The subfoveal, nasal 500 µm and temporal 500 µm choroidal thickness values of the PEG cases were statistically significantly lower than the PES cases and the healthy group (p0.05). Conclusion: We found the subfoveal, nasal 500 µm and temporal 500 µm choroidal thicknesses to be significantly lower in the PEG cases than the other two groups. Choroidal thicknesses at the subfoveal and nasal 500 µm areas were also lower in the PES group than the control group but without statistical significance.
Keywords: Choroid; exfoliation syndrome; optical coherence tomography
ÖZET
Amaç: Psödoeksfoliasyon sendromu (PES) ve psödoeksfoliasyon glokomu (PEG) olan olgularda koroid kalınlığının sağlıklı bireylerle karşılaştırılması. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 31 PES'li hastanın 31 gözü, 31 PEG'li hastanın 31 gözü ve 33 sağlıklı bireyin 33 gözü çalışmaya dahil edildi. Tüm hastalara optik koherens tomografi (3D OCT2000, Topcon, Japan) cihazı ile koroid kalınlığı ölçümleri subfoveal, nazal 500 µm, nazal 1000 µm, temporal 500 µm ve temporal 1000µm mesafeden yapıldı. Bulgular: Gruplar arasında cinsiyet ve aksiyel uzunluk açısından anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmedi (p>0,05). PEG'li olguların subfoveal, nazal 500 µm ve temporal 500 µm'luk koroidal kalınlık değerleri, PES'li olgular ve sağlıklı gruba göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olarak daha ince bulundu (p0,05). Sonuç: Bu bulgulara göre PEG'li olgularda subfoveal, nazal 500 µm ve temporal 500 µm'luk koroid kalınlık ölçümü diğer iki gruba göre anlamlı olarak ince saptandı. Ayrıca PES grubunda subfoveal ve nazal 500 µm'deki koroid kalınlığı da kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmamakla birlikte daha ince bulundu.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Koroid; eksfoliasyon sendromu; optik koherens tomografi
Amaç: Psödoeksfoliasyon sendromu (PES) ve psödoeksfoliasyon glokomu (PEG) olan olgularda koroid kalınlığının sağlıklı bireylerle karşılaştırılması. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 31 PES'li hastanın 31 gözü, 31 PEG'li hastanın 31 gözü ve 33 sağlıklı bireyin 33 gözü çalışmaya dahil edildi. Tüm hastalara optik koherens tomografi (3D OCT2000, Topcon, Japan) cihazı ile koroid kalınlığı ölçümleri subfoveal, nazal 500 µm, nazal 1000 µm, temporal 500 µm ve temporal 1000µm mesafeden yapıldı. Bulgular: Gruplar arasında cinsiyet ve aksiyel uzunluk açısından anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmedi (p>0,05). PEG'li olguların subfoveal, nazal 500 µm ve temporal 500 µm'luk koroidal kalınlık değerleri, PES'li olgular ve sağlıklı gruba göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olarak daha ince bulundu (p0,05). Sonuç: Bu bulgulara göre PEG'li olgularda subfoveal, nazal 500 µm ve temporal 500 µm'luk koroid kalınlık ölçümü diğer iki gruba göre anlamlı olarak ince saptandı. Ayrıca PES grubunda subfoveal ve nazal 500 µm'deki koroid kalınlığı da kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmamakla birlikte daha ince bulundu.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Koroid; eksfoliasyon sendromu; optik koherens tomografi
REFERANSLAR:
- Ekström C. Prevalence of open-angle glaucoma in central Sweden. The Tierp Glaucoma Survey. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1996;74(2):107-12. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Shrum KR, Hattenhauer MG, Hodge D. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality associated with ocular pseudoexfoliation. Am J Ophthalmol. 2000;129(1):83-6. [Crossref]
- Yalaz M, Othman I, Nas K, Eroğlu A, Homurlu D, Cikintas Z, et al. The frequency of pseudoexfoliation syndrome in the eastern Mediterranean are of Turkey. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1992;70(2):209-13. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Küchle M, Naumann GO. Electron-microscopic identification of pseudoexfoliation material in extrabulbar tissue. Arch Ophthalmol. 1991;109(4):565-70. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Repo LP, Suhonen MT, Teräsvirta ME, Koivisto KJ. Color Doppler imaging of the ophthalmic artery blood flow spectra of patients who have had a transient ischemic attack. Correlations with generalized iris transluminance and pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Ophthalmology. 1995;102(8):1199-205. [Crossref]
- Prince AM, Ritch R. Clinical signs of the pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Ophthalmology. 1986;93(6):803-7. [Crossref]
- Koz OG, Turkcu MF, Yarangumeli A, Koz C, Kural G. Normotensive glaucoma and risk factors in normotensive eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. J Glaucoma. 2009;18(9):684-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Konstas AG, Quaranta L, Katsanos A, Riva I, Tsai JC, Giannopoulos T, et al. Twenty-four hour efficacy with preservative free tafluprost compared with latanoprost in patients with primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Br J Ophthalmol. 2013;97(12):1510-5. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Ritch R. Systemic associations of exfoliation syndrome. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2016;5(1):45-50. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Leske MC, Heijl A, Hussein M, Bengtsson B, Hyman L, Komaroff E, et al. Factors for glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003;121(1):48-56. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Martinez A, Sanchez M. Ocular haemodynamics in pseudoexfoliative and primary open-angle glaucoma. Eye (Lond). 2008;22(4):515-20. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Dadaci Z, Doganay F, Oncel Acir N, Aydin HD, Borazan M. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in migraine patients: implications for the association of migraine and glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol. 2014;98(7):972-5. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Kur J, Newman EA, Chan-Ling T. Cellular and physiological mechanisms underlying blood flow regulation in the retina and choroid in health and disease. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2012;31(5):377-406. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Gugleta K, Polunina A, Kochkorov A, Waldmann N, Portmann N, Katamay R, et al. Association between risk factors and glaucomatous damage in the untreated primary open-angle glaucoma. J Glaucoma. 2013;22(6):501-5. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Mwanza JC, Hochberg JT, Banitt MR, Feuer WJ, Budenz DL. Lack of association between glaucoma and macular choroidal thickness measured with enhanced depth-imaging optical coherence tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;18;52(6):3430-5. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Hirooka K, Fujiwara A, Shiragami C, Baba T, Shiraga F. Relationship between progression of visual field damage and choroidal thickness in eyes with normal-tension glaucoma. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2012;40(6):576-82. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Bayhan HA, Bayhan SA, Can İ. Evaluation of the macular choroidal thickness using spectral optical coherence tomography in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. J Glaucoma. 2016;25(2):184-7. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Dursun A, Ozec AV, Dogan O, Dursun FG, Toker MI ,Topalkara A, et al. Evaluation of choroidal thickness in patients with pseudoexfoliation sydrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. J Ophthalmol. 2016;2016:3545180. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Moghimi S, Mazloumi M, Johari MK, Fard MA, Chen R, Weinreb R, et al. Comparison of macular choroidal thickness in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome to normal control subjects with enhanced depth SD-OCT imaging. J Curr Ophthalmol. 2017;12;29(4):258-63. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Demircan S, Yılmaz U, Kucuk E, Ulusoy MD, Ataş M, Gülhan A, et al. The effect of pseudoexfoliation sydrome on the retinal nerve layer and choroid thickness. Semin Ophtalmol. 2017;32(3):341-7. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Yüksel N, Karabaş VL, Arslan A, Demirci A, Çağlar Y. Ocular hemodynamics in pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. Ophthalmology. 2001;108(6):1043-9. [Crossref]
- Vesti E, Kivelä T. Exfoliation syndrome and exfoliation glaucoma. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2000;19(3):345-68. [Crossref]
- Tan CS, Ouyang Y, Ruiz H, Sadda SR. Diurnal variation of choroidal thickness in normal, healthy subjects measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;23;53(1):261-6. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Goldenberg D, Moisseiev E, Goldstein M, Loewenstein A, Barak A. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography: choroidal thickness and correlations with age, refractive error, and axial length. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2012;1;43(4):296-301. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Henry JC, Krupin T, Schmitt M, Lauffer J, Miller E, Ewing MQ, et al. Long-term follow-up of pseudoexfoliation and the development of elevated intraocular pressure. Ophthalmology. 1987;94(5):545-52. [Crossref]
- Bengtsson B, Heijl A. A long-term prospective study of risk factors for glaucomatous visual field loss in patients with ocular hypertension. J Glaucoma. 2005;14(2):135-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Leske MC, Heijl A, Hussein M, Bengtsson B, Hyman L, Komaroff E, et al. Factors for glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003;121(1):48-56. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Naumann GOH. Ocular and systemic pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;141(5):921-37. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Grunwald JE, Piltz J, Hariprasad SM, DuPont J. Optic nerve and choroidal circulation in glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1998;39(12):2329-36.
- Sugiyama T, Schwartz B, Takamoto T, Azuma I. Evaluation of the circulation in the retina, peripapillary choroid and optic disk in normal-tension glaucoma. Ophthalmic Res. 2000;32(2-3):79-86. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Satilmis M, Orgül S, Doubler B, Flammer J. Rate of progression of glaucoma correlates with retrobulbar circulation and intraocular pressure. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003;135(5):664-9. [Crossref]
- Goktas S, Sakarya Y, Ozcimen M, Sakarya R, Bukus A, Ivacik IS, et al. Choroidal thinning in pseudoexfoliation syndrome detected by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2014;24(6):879-84. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Detorakis ET, Achtaropoulos AK, Drakonaki EE, Kozobolis VP. Hemodynamic evaluation of the posterior ciliary circulation in exfoliation syndrome and exfoliation glaucoma. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2007;245(4):516-21. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Dayanır V, Topaloğlu A, Ozsunar Y, Keceli M, Okyay P, Harris A, et al. Orbital blood flow parameters in unilateral pseudoexfoliation synrome. Int Ophthalmol. 2009;29(1):27-32. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Novais EA, Badaró E, Allemann N, Morales MS, Rodrigues EB, de Sauza Lima R, et al. Correlation between choroidal thickness and ciliary artery blood flow velocity in normal subjects. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2015;46(9):920-4. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Kinoshita T, Mitamura Y, Shinomiya K, Egawa M, Iwata A, Fujihara A, et al. Diurnal variations in luminal and stromal areas of choroid in normal eyes. Br J Ophthalmol. 2017;101(3):360-4.
- Dallinger S, Bobr B, Findl O, Eichler HG, Schmetterer L. Effects of acetazolamide on choroidal blood flow. Stroke. 1998;29(5):997-1001. [Crossref] [PubMed]
.: İşlem Listesi