Toplumda yaygın olarak görülen obezite, diabetes mellitus (DM), hipertansiyon (HT) ve kardiyovasküler hastalıkların (KVH) prevalansı gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Her biri, diğeri için risk faktörü olabilen bu hastalıkların ortak özellikleri kronik olmalarıdır. Birey ve ailesinin yaşam kalitesini bozan, üretkenliğini azaltan, sakatlığa ve erken yaşam yılı kaybına neden olan bu hastalıklar, toplum ekonomisine de büyük bir yük getirmektedir. Obezite ve komorbiditelerinin etiyolojisi çok faktörlüdür, ancak geleneksel nedensel faktörlerin kanıtlarına rağmen endokrin bozucu aktivitesi olan çevresel toksik maddelerin rolü yakın zamanda vurgulanmaktadır. Yeni yapılan çalışmalarda, endokrin bozucu madde (EBM) maruziyeti ile obezite, DM, HT ve KVH arasında pozitif ilişki olduğuna dair artan kanıtlar vardır. Gerçekten de çok az konsantrasyonlarda bile vücuda alınan bu EBM'ler, ciddi sağlık sorunlarına neden olabilir. Bu hastalıkların bilinen risk faktörleriyle mücadelesinde, küresel ve ulusal düzeyde yapılan önleme ve kontrol programlarına rağmen prevalanslarındaki devam eden artış, yeni bir risk faktörü olan EBM'lere dikkat çekmiştir. Avrupa Birliği tarafından belirlenmiş olan başlıca EBM'ler, bisfenol A, fitalatlar, perflorlu bileşikler, poliklorlu bifeniller, dioksinler ve furanlardır. Güncel alan ile ilgili yapılan araştırmaların, yurt dışına göre Türkiye'de çok daha az sayıda olduğu görülmektedir. Bu derlemede, EBM'lerin bulaşıcı olmayan çeşitli hastalıkların gelişimindeki rolünü değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Endokrin bozucu maddeler; obezite; diyabet; hipertansiyon; kardiyovasküler hastalıklar
The prevalence of obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are common in the society, is increasing day by day. The common characteristics of these diseases, each of which can be a risk factor for the other, is that they are chronic. These diseases, which impair the quality of life of the individual and her family, reduce one's productivity, cause disability and early loss of life years, also place a huge burden on the community economy. The etiology of obesity and its comorbidities is multifactorial, but despite the evidence of traditional causative factors, the role of environmental toxic substances with endocrine-disrupting activity has recently been emphasized. In recent studies, there is increasing evidence of a positive association between endocrine disrupting substance (EDS) exposure and obesity, DM, HT, and CVD. Indeed, these EDSs taken into the body even in very low concentrations can cause serious health problems. In the fight against known risk factors of these diseases, the ongoing increase in their prevalence despite the prevention and control programs carried out at the global and national level has drawn attention to the EDSs, a new risk factor. The main EDSs determined by the European Union are bisphenol A, phthalates, perfluorinated compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins and furans. It is observed that research conducted in the current field is much fewer in Turkey than abroad. In this review, it is aimed to evaluate the role of EDSs in the development of various non-communicable diseases.
Keywords: Endocrine disrupting substances; obesity; diabetes; hypertension; cardiovascular diseases
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