Amaç: Bu araştırma, bir üniversite hastanesinin göğüs hastalıkları kliniğinde yatan, kronik solunum hastalıklarına sahip olan hastaların bakım bağımlılığı düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma örneklemini, Marmara Bölgesi'nde bulunan bir üniversite hastanesinin göğüs hastalıkları kliniğinde yatan, görme ve işitme sorunu olmayan, bilinci açık, iletişim problemi yaşanmayan, 18 yaşın üstünde, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 147 hasta oluşturdu. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında 'Hasta Tanıtım Formu' ve 'Bakım Bağımlılığı Ölçeği (Care Dependency Scale-CDS)' kullanıldı. Araştırma verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann-Whitney U testi ve Kruskal-Wallis testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamına alınan hastaların yaş ortalamaları 61,01 ±15,83 (yaş aralığı 19-91) yıl olup, %61,2'sinin kadın olduğu, %49'unun pnömoni tıbbi tanısıyla klinikte yattığı, %81'inin evli, %63,9'unun ilköğretim mezunu olduğu, %30,6'sının ev hanımı, %64,6'sının solunum sistemi hastalığına ek olarak kronik hastalığa sahip olduğu belirlendi. Hastaların CDS toplam puan ortalaması 60,35 ±16,97 olarak hesaplandı. Hastaların yaş grubu, eğitim durumu ve ek kronik hastalık varlığı değişkenleri ile CDS toplam puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunurken (p<0,05), cinsiyet, tıbbi tanı, medeni durum ve meslek grubu değişkenleri ile CDS toplam puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı (p>0,05). Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda; göğüs hastalıkları kliniğinde yatan, kronik solunum hastalıklarına sahip hastaların bakım gereksinimlerini karşılamada kısmen bağımlı oldukları, ileri yaşa sahip, okuryazar olmayan ve ek bir kronik hastalığı olan hastaların diğer hastalara göre bakım bağımlılığı düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu bulundu. Araştırmanın farklı kurumlarda daha geniş bir örneklem grubuyla yapılması önerilebilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Bakım bağımlılığı; kronik solunum sistemi hastalığı; hemşirelik bakımı; hemşirelik
Objective: This study was implemented for the purpose of determining the care dependence levels of patients with chronic respiratory diseases hospitalized in the chest diseases clinic of a university hospital. Material and Methods: The study consisted of 147 patients who were hospitalized in the chest diseases clinic of a university hospital in the Marmara Region, had no problem with seeing and hearing, were conscious, had no communication problem, were older than 18 years and accepted to participate in the study. The study data were collected using 'Patient Introduction Form' including introductory data of the patients and 'Care Dependency Scale (CDS)'. The study data descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: It was determined that age mean of the patients who were included in the study was 61.01 ±15.83 (age interval 19-91) years and 61.2% were women, 49% were hospitalized in the clinic with the medical diagnosis of pneumonia, 81% were married, 63.9% were primary school graduates, 30.6% were housewives and 64.6% had a chronic illness besides respiratory disease. The patients' total score mean of the CDS was calculated as 60.35 ±16.97. It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the variables such as the patients' age group, educational background and presence of an additional chronic illness and the total score mean of the CDS (p<0.05), whereas there was no statistically significant difference between the variables of gender, medical diagnosis, marital status and occupational group and the total score mean of the CDS (p>0.05). Conclusion: As a result of the study; it was found that the patients with chronic respiratory diseases hospitalized in the chest diseases clinic were partially dependent in meeting their care needs and the patients who were older, non-literate and had an additional chronic illness had a higher level of care dependence than other patients. It may be suggested that the research should be conducted with a larger sample group in different institutions.
Keywords: Care dependence; chronic respiratory disease; nursing care; nursing
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