Behçet hastalığı (BH)'nda beslenme alışkanlıklarının, besin tüketimlerinin yeterlilik durumunun ve depresyon düzeyinin belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmaya Aralık 2018-Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinin Behçet polikliniğine başvuran, hastalığı aktif/inaktif durumdaki BH'li 62 hasta ile yaş ve cinsiyet bakımından hastalarla benzer özellikler taşıyan 48 sağlıklı birey dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışmanın etik kurul izinleri alınmış, veriler yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle literatürden yararlanılarak hazırlanan anket formuyla toplanmıştır. Besin tüketimlerinin belirlenmesi için 24 saatlik hatırlatma yöntemi ile depresyon düzeyinin belirlenmesi için de Beck Depresyon Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde; ortalama, standart sapma, t-testi ve Pearson korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: BH'lilerin %37,1'inin günde 2 öğün beslendiği ve en çok atlanan öğünün ise öğle yemeği (%73,5) olduğu saptanmıştır. Hastaların ekmek ve tahıl grubu haricinde diğer besin gruplarından tükettikleri porsiyon miktarlarının sağlıklı bireylerden daha düşük olduğu ve hastaların günlük enerjilerinin yağdan gelen kısmının %37,2±7,74 olduğu belirlenmiştir. BH'lilerin %95,22sinin günlük önerilen referans değerlerin altında süt ve süt ürünleri grubu ile meyveler grubundaki besinlerden tükettiği bulunmuştur. Ayrıca BH'lilerde depresyon puanının (13,5±9,81), sağlıklı bireylerden (8,1±7,44) önemli düzeyde yüksek olduğu ve hastaların %32,3'ünde orta ve şiddetli depresyon semptomları bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Behçet Hastalarının yeterli ve dengeli beslenmedikleri ve depresyon düzeyinin yüksek olduğu, bu nedenle hastalarda ek fizyolojik ve psikiyatrik hastalıkların gelişme riskinin arttığı belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Behçet hastalığı; beslenme alışkanlıkları; öğün atlama; depresyon
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional habits, adequacy of food consumption and depression levels of patients with Behçet's diseases (BD). Material and Methods: The study included 62 patients with BD who were active/inactive in the Behçet polyclinic of a university hospital between December 2018- May 2019 and 48 healthy individuals with similar characteristics in terms of age and gender. Ethics committee permissions of the study were obtained and the data were collected with a questionnaire prepared by using face to face interview method. 24-hour dietary recalls method was used to determine food consumption and Beck Depression Inventory was used to determine depression level. In the analysis of the data; mean, standard deviation, t-test and Pearson correlation test were used. Results: It was found that 37.1% of BD patients were fed 2 meals a day and the most skipped meal was lunch (73.5%). It was determined that the amount of portion consumed by the patients from other food groups except bread and cereal group was lower than healthy individuals and the portion of the daily energy of the patients coming from fat was (%37.2±7.74). It was found that 95.2% of Behçet's patients consumed foods in the milk and dairy products and fruits group under the recommended daily values. In addition, depression score (13.5±9.81) was significantly higher in BD patients than healthy individuals (8.1±7.44) and 32.3% of the patients had moderate and severe depression symptoms. Conclusion: It was determined that patients with BD were not sufficiently balanced and had high levels of depression and therefore the risk of developing comorbid physiological and psychiatric diseases increased.
Keywords: Behçet's disease; nutritional habits; meal skipping; depression
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