Objective: The limited local soft tissue and the special characteristics of the heel and plantar region is a challange for the reconstructive surgeons. The reconstruction strategies should provide a skin tissue resistant to weight-bearing and shear forces, enough soft tissue to absorbe, protective sensation, and a proper contour. Material and Methods: Eight patients were treated for softtissue defects in the heel and plantar areas with free anterolateral thigh flaps. Sensory nerve coaptation was performed in all cases. The follow-up period ranged from 24 to 53 months. The patients' ages ranged from 16 to 60 years (mean 39 years). Results: All flaps survived. A secondary debulking procedure was performed for 1 flap at postoperative 12th month. Self-resolving minor abrasions were observed in 2 flaps at the end of the first year. Partial weight bearing was allowed at 4th and full weight bearing at the 8th weeks. The time period until full ambulation averaged 3 months. All patients were sensitive to deep pressure, whereas only 5 recognized light touch. Conclusion: The unique characteristics of the anterolateral thigh flap provide optimal results both in the early and late follow-ups when used for this region. The innervated anterolateral thigh flap was preferred in this study due to the advantages achieved earlier than the noninnervated flaps.
Keywords: Heel reconstruction; anterolateral thigh flap; microsurgery
Amaç: Topuk ve plantar bölgedeki sınırlı yumuşak doku rezervi plastik cerrahlar için sıklıkla zorlayıcıdır. Bu bölgelerin rekonstrüksiyonlarında dikkat edilmesi gereken temel prensipler; ağırlık taşıyan bir bölge olması dolayısı ile yük taşıyabilecek ve sürtünme kuvvetlerine dirençli bir cilt dokusu getirilmesi, uygun anatomik şekilli ve duyusu olan yumuşak doku desteğinin sağlanmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada topuk ve plantar bölge yumuşak doku rekonstrüksiyonu için serbest anterolateral uyluk flebi kullanılan 8 olgu retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Tüm olgularda duyusal uyarımın sağlanması için sinir koaptasyonu uygulanmıştır. Hastaların takip süresi 24-53 ay, yaş aralığı ise 16-60 idi (ortalama 39). Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen tüm hastaların flepleri yaşamış olup ameliyat sonrası 12. ayda 1 flep için inceltme amacıyla debulking uygulandı. Uygulanmış 2 flepte 1 yılın sonunda spontan iyileşen abrazyonlar gözlendi. Tüm fleplere 4. haftada kısmi ağırlık taşımasına, 8 haftada ise tam ağırlık taşımasına izin verildi. Tam ambulasyona kadar geçen süre ortalama 3 ay idi. Hastaların tamamı derin basınç duyusuna duyarlı iken sadece 5 tanesi sadece dokunma duyusuna duyarlı tespit edildi. Sonuç: Literatürde anterolateral uyluk flebinin sinir koaptasyonu ile defekte adapte edilmesi sıklıkla gösterilmiştir. Anterolateral uyluk flebinin benzersiz özellikleri, bu bölge için kullanıldığında hem erken hem de geç takiplerde en iyi sonuçları sağlar. Çalışmamızda duyulu anterolateral uyluk flebinin tercih edilmesinin sebebi, bu bölge rekonstrüksiyonu için duyusuz getirilen fleplerin mevcut dezavantajları nedeniyledir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Topuk rekonstrüksiyonu; anterolateral uyluk flebi; mikrocerrahi
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