Objective: As defined by the World Health Organization, pharmacovigilance encompasses the scientific and operational aspects of detecting, evaluating, understanding and preventing adverse effects and other problems associated with medicines. The aim of this study, conducted between March and April 2024, was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of physicians and pharmacists in Türkiye regarding pharmacovigilance, reporting and follow-up of an adverse drug reaction (ADR). Material and Methods: The survey questions were developed through a process of reviewing and adapting those used in similar studies. Results: A total of 101 doctors and 101 pharmacists participated in the study. The proportion of pharmacists trained in reporting ADRs is significantly higher than that of physicians (p<0.001). Most of the participants surveyed believed that they were responsible for reporting ADRs. However, at 12.9% for doctors and 50.5% for pharmacists, the proportion of participants who had experienced and reported such reactions was relatively low. A higher proportion of pharmacists than of doctors believed that there would be no consequences if they failed to report an ADR (p<0.001). In 2023, a total of 32 participants reported ADRs. Almost all participants considered pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting to be important and that detailed pharmacovigilance training should be provided to healthcare workers. It was observed that doctors and pharmacists in this survey had a limited understanding of pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting. Conclusion: The results indicate that participants are open to receiving training on monitoring and reporting ADRs, will take the training seriously, and will report ADRs when adequately informed.
Keywords: Pharmacovigilance; pharmacists; physicians; drug-related side effects and adverse reactions
Amaç: Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından tanımlandığı şekliyle farmakovijilans, ilaçlarla ilişkili advers etkilerin ve diğer sorunların tespit edilmesi, değerlendirilmesi, anlaşılması ve önlenmesinin bilimsel ve operasyonel yönlerini kapsamaktadır. Mart-Nisan 2024 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'deki hekim ve eczacıların farmakovijilans, advers ilaç reaksiyonlarının (AİR) raporlanması ve takibine ilişkin bilgi, tutum ve uygulamalarını değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Anket soruları, benzer çalışmalarda kullanılan soruların incelenmesi ve uyarlanması yoluyla geliştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 101 doktor ve 101 eczacı katılmıştır. AİR'nin raporlanması konusunda eğitim almış eczacıların oranı doktorlardan anlamlı derecede yüksektir (p<0,001). Ankete katılanların çoğu AİR'nin bildirilmesinden kendilerinin sorumlu olduğuna inanmaktadır. Ancak, doktorlar için %12,9 ve eczacılar için %50,5 olan bu oran, bu tür reaksiyonları yaşamış ve bildirmiş olan katılımcıların oranının nispeten düşük olduğunu göstermektedir. Doktorlara kıyasla eczacıların daha yüksek bir oranı, bir AİR'yi bildirmemeleri durumunda herhangi bir sonuç olmayacağına inanmaktadır (p<0,001). 2023 yılında toplam 32 katılımcı AİR bildirmiştir. Katılımcıların neredeyse tamamı farmakovijilans ve AİR bildiriminin önemli olduğunu ve sağlık çalışanlarına detaylı farmakovijilans eğitimi verilmesi gerektiğini düşünmektedir. Bu ankete katılan doktor ve eczacıların farmakovijilans ve AİR bildirimi konusunda sınırlı bir anlayışa sahip oldukları görülmüştür. Sonuç: Sonuçlar, katılımcıların AİR'lerin izlenmesi ve raporlanması konusunda eğitim almaya açık olduklarını, eğitimi ciddiye alacaklarını ve yeterince bilgilendirildiklerinde AİR'leri raporlayacaklarını göstermektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Farmakovijilans; eczacılar; doktorlar; ilaç ilişkili yan etkiler ve istenmeyen reaksiyonlar
- World Health Organization [Internet]. The safety of medicines in public health programmes: pharmacovigilance, an essential tool. ©2006 WHO [Cited: 10.01.2024] Available from: [Link]
- Patton K, Borshoff DC. Adverse drug reactions. Anaesthesia. 2018;73 Suppl 1:76-84. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Insani WN, Whittlesea C, Alwafi H, Man KKC, Chapman S, Wei L. Prevalence of adverse drug reactions in the primary care setting: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2021;16(5):e0252161. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Varallo FR, Planeta CS, Mastroianni PC. Effectiveness of pharmacovigilance: multifaceted educational intervention related to the knowledge, skills and attitudes of multidisciplinary hospital staff. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2017;72(1):51-7. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Wiholm BE, Olsson S, Moore N, Waller P. Spontaneous reporting sys-tems outside the US. In: Strom BL, eds. Pharmacoepidemiology. 3rd ed. Chichester: UK:JohnWiley&Sons, Ltd; 2002. p.175-92. [Crossref]
- Fletcher AP. Spontaneous adverse drug reaction reporting vs event monitoring: a comparison. J R Soc Med. 1991;84(6):341-4. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Olsson S. The role of the WHO programme on International Drug Monitoring in coordinating worldwide drug safety efforts. Drug Saf. 1998;19(1):1-10. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Nicholls J, MacKenzie C, Braund R. Preventing drug-related adverse events following hospital discharge: the role of the pharmacist. Integr Pharm Res Pract. 2017;6:61-9. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Coleman JJ, Pontefract SK. Adverse drug reactions. Clin Med (Lond). 2016;16(5):481-5. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Felix T, Jordan JB, Akers C, Patel B, Drago D. Current state of biologic pharmacovigilance in the European Union: improvements are needed. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2019;18(3):231-40. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Güner MD, Ekmekci PE. Healthcare professionals' pharmacovigilance knowledge and adverse drug reaction reporting behavior and factors determining the reporting rates. J Drug Assess. 2019;8(1):13-20. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Abdulrasool Z. The development of a pharmacovigilance system in Bahrain. Saudi Pharm J. 2022;30(6):825-41. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Albayrak A, Karahalil B. Pharmacist's knowledge and behaviors toward pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reactions reporting process in Türkiye. Turk J Pharm Sci. 2022;19(6):694-700. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Hussain R, Akram T, Hassali MA, Muneswarao J, Rehman AU, Hashmi F, et al. Barriers and facilitators to pharmacovigilance activities in Pakistan: A healthcare professionals-based survey. PLoS One. 2022;17(7):e0271587. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Norman G, Cairney J. Health Measurement Scales: A Practical Guide To Their Development and Use. 5th ed. New York: Oxford University Press Inc; 2015. p.117.
- Aydin OC, Aydin S, Guney HZ. Defining the awareness and attitude of the clinicians through pharmacovigilance in Turkey. World J Clin Cases. 2023;11(20):4865-73. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Hazell L, Shakir SA. Under-reporting of adverse drug reactions : a systematic review. Drug Saf. 2006;29(5):385-96. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Kopciuch D, Zaprutko T, Paczkowska A, Ratajczak P, Zielińska-Tomczak Ł, Kus K, et al. Safety of medicines-pharmacists' knowledge, practice, and attitudes toward pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reactions reporting process. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2019;28(12):1543-51. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Ergün Y, Ergün TB, Toker E, Ünal E, Akben M. Knowledge attitude and practice of Turkish health professionals towards pharmacovigilance in a university hospital. Int Health. 2019;11(3):177-84. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Alshammari TM, Alamri KK, Ghawa YA, Alohali NF, Abualkol SA, Aljadhey HS. Knowledge and attitude of health-care professionals in hospitals towards pharmacovigilance in Saudi Arabia. Int J Clin Pharm. 2015;37(6):1104-10. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Shroukh WA, Shakhatreh FM, Yasein NA, Sharkas GF. A survey on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of physicians towards pharmacovigilance in Jordanian health centres. Int Health. 2018;10(5):363-70. [Crossref] [PubMed]
.: İşlem Listesi