Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Zehirlenmeye Bağlı Ölümlere Adli Tıbbi Bakış: Retrospektif Özgün Araştırma
Forensic Medical Perspective On Poisoning-Related Deaths: Retrospective Original Research
Gülsüm DAMARa , Arif GARBİOĞLUb , İbrahim ÜZÜNa,c
aAdli Tıp Kurumu Başkanlığı, İstanbul, Türkiye
bZonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Adli Tıp AD, Zonguldak, Türkiye
cİstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, Adli Tıp AD, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2025;45(3):101-9
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2024-105833
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Zehirlenmeler, sık karşılaşılan, ölümle sonuçlanabilen önemli sağlık sorunlarındandır. Çalışma, ölüme neden olan zehirlenme olgularının sosyodemografik özellikleri, zehirlenmeye neden olan etken maddeler ve olguların adli tıbbi özellikleri açısından değerlendirilerek adli tıp pratiğinde karar verme sürecine katkı sağlaması amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Adli Tıp Kurumu Birinci Adli Tıp İhtisas Kurulu tarafından Ocak 2016 ile Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında düzenlenmiş raporlar retrospektif olarak incelenip, kesin ölüm nedeni zehirlenme olarak belirlenen olgular çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Bulgular: Olguların %80,4'ü (n=804) erkek, %19,6'sı (n=196) kadın olup, yaş gruplarına göre değerlendirme yapıldığında olguların en sık (%27,7) 20-29 yaş arası grupta olduğu saptandı. Zehirlenmeye en sık yol açan etkenlerin başında %37,4 ile uyuşturucu maddeler olduğu belirlendi. Orijin açısından değerlendirildiğinde zehirlenmelerin sıklıkla kazara (%86,2) meydana geldiği, intihar orijinli ölümler ise %11,2 olarak tespit edildi. Olguların çoğunda oral (%34,1) yol ile maruziyet olduğu görüldü. %41,7'sinin ev ortamında zehirlendiği saptandı. Uyuşturucu maddeler içerisinde sentetik kannabinoidlerin erkek cinsiyette ve bekâr bireylerde anlamlı bir şekilde daha sık görüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. 540 olgunun olay yeri incelemesinde ölümün zehirlenmeye bağlı olduğunu düşündürebilecek bulgular varlığı tespit edildi. Sonuç: Zehirlenmeye bağlı ölümlü olguların riskli yaş grupları, cinsiyet, zehirlenmeye neden olan yaygın toksik ajanlar gibi özellikler belirlenmesi adına kapsamlı çalışmalar yapılması, toplumu zehirlenmeye yönelik bilinçlendirmek amacıyla danışmanlık ve eğitim verilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Zehirlenme; adli tıp; ölüm; otopsi
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Poisoning is a common and one of the important health problems that may lead to death. This study was conducted to contribute to the decision-making process in forensic medicine practice by evaluating the cases of poisoning causing death in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, active substances causing poisoning, and forensic medical characteristics of the cases. Material and Methods: We were retrospectively analyzed the files of the poisoning deaths between January 2016 and December 2017 in First Specialization Committee of Council of Forensic Medicine. Results: There were 80.4% male (n=804) and 19.6% female (n=196) of cases. In the 27.7% of the cases the ages of the cases were between 20-29. The most common substances causing poisoning was drugs with a ratio of 37.4%. 86.2% of those poisoned were unintentional and 11.2% were suicides. In most cases, the main route of exposure was oral way (34.1%). 41.7% of exposures occurred at home. Synthetic cannabinoids were found significantly more often in males and in single persons. In 540 cases, crime scene investigations revealed the presence of evidence suggesting that the death was due to intoxication. Conclusion: It is recommended that comprehensive studies be conducted to determine the characteristics of poisoning-related deaths, such as age groups at risk, gender, common toxic agents causing poisoning, and that counseling and training be provided to increase community awareness of poisoning.

Keywords: Poisoning; forensic medicine; death; autopsy
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