Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Yoğun Bakım Ünitesindeki Çevresel Stresörlerin Hastalar Tarafından Algılanması
Perception of Environmental Stressors in Intensive Care Unit by Patients
Yelda CANDAN DÖNMEZa, Fatma DEMİR KORKMAZa, Sinem GEÇİTa
aEge Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2020;12(2):190-7
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2019-72255
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan hastaların yaşadığı stresörleri belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan araştırmanın örneklemini Nisan-Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinin genel cerrahi ana bilim dalı yoğun bakım ünitesinde tedavi gören 106 hasta oluşturdu. Araştırmada veriler literatür doğrultusunda araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan 'Veri Toplama Formu' ve 'Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi Çevresel Stresörler Ölçeği' kullanılarak toplandı. Veriler, yüzdelik, ortalama, standart sapma, student t-testi ve ANOVA testi ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 52,98±12,82 yıl olup %50,9'u kadındır. Hastaların, Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi Çevresel Stresörler Ölçeği puan ortalaması 79,9±31,3 olarak saptandı. Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi Çevresel Stresörler Ölçeği puan ortalaması ile eğitim durumu(p=0,010), daha önce entübe olma deneyimi (p=0,030) ve yoğun bakım ünitesinde kalma süresi (p=0,003) arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı fark saptandı. Hastalarda en fazla stresör olarak algılanan faktörlerin sırasıyla ağrı olması, serum setleri nedeni ile elleri ve kolları hareket ettirememek ve su içememek, en az strese neden olan stresörlerin ise sırasıyla telefon sesini duymak, doktor ve hemşireler tarafından sık sık fizik muayene yapılması ve hemşirelerin makineleri hastalardan daha fazla izlemeleri olarak saptandı. Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda, hastaların Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi Çevresel Stresörler Ölçeği puan ortalamasının ve stres düzeylerinin çok yüksek olmadığı görülmektedir. Hemşirelerin hasta bakımını planlarken, en fazla strese neden olan ağrı, hareketsizlik ve su içememe gibi stresörleri dikkate alarak bütüncül bir bakım planlamaları önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Stresör; hasta; yoğun bakım; stres
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the stressors experienced by the patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit. Material and Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 106 patients who were treated in the intensive care unit of the general surgery department of a university hospital between April-December 2018. Data were collected using the 'Data Collection Form' prepared by the researchers in accordance with the literature and 'Intensive Care Unit Environmental Stressors Scale'. Data were analyzed by percentage, mean, standard deviation, student t test and ANOVA test. Results: The mean age of the patients was 52.98±12.82 years and 50.9% of them were female. The mean score of the Intensive Care Unit Environmental Stressors Scale in the was 79.9±31.3. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean score of Intensive Care Unit Environmental Stressors Scale and educational status (p=0.010), previous intubation experience (p=0.030) and length of stay in intensive care unit (p=0.003). The most commonly perceived stressors in the patients were pain, in ability to move hands and arms and drink water due to serum sets, respectively and stressors causing the least stress were found to hear telephone voices, frequent physical examinations by doctors and nurses, and nurses watching machines more than patients. Conclusions: It was seen that the mean score and stress levels of the patients' Intensive Care Unit Environmental Stressors Scale scores were not high. When planning patient care, it is recommended that nurses identify stressors that cause stress and plan a holistic care.

Keywords: Stressor; patient; intensive care; stress
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