Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Anesthesiology Reanimation

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Takip Edilen COVID-19 Hastalarında AB0 Fenotipi ve Mortalite İlişkisi: Retrospektif Tanımlayıcı Çalışma
The Relationship Between AB0 Phenotypes and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients Followed Up in the Intensive Care Unit: Retrospective Descriptive Study
Mehmet ÇAKIRCAa, Mert NAKİPa, Melis ENGİNa, Çetin KAYMAKa, Ayşe ÖZCANa, Hülya BAŞARa
aSağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Gülhane Tıp Fakültesi, Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon Kliniği, Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Anest Reanim. 2021;19(2):81-6
doi: 10.5336/anesthe.2021-85902
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: COVID-19 enfeksiyonu, 2019 yılı sonlarında başlayıp hızla küresel salgın haline dönüştü. O kan grubu fenotipine ait hastaların COVID-19 enfeksiyonundan korunabileceği, buna karşın A kan grubundaki bireylerin daha yüksek risk altında olabileceğini gösteren çalışmalar mevcuttur. Çalışmamızda, kliniğimizde 3. Basamak yoğun bakım ünitelerinde takip edilen COVID-19 tanısı almış olgulardaki ABO kan grubu analizi ile kan gruplarına göre hastalığa yatkınlığın ve mortalite ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada kliniğimiz 3. Basamak COVID yoğun bakım ünitelerinde, 01.04.2020 - 01.06.2021 tarihleri arasında takip edilen olgular retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Kan grubu fenotipi yaygınlığı için kontrol grubu olarak, çalışma sürecinde hastanemiz kan bankasına başvuran COVID-19 dışındaki olguların kan grubu sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Beklenen mortalite oranları için literatür araştırması yapılarak yoğun bakımda yapılmış olan bir çalışma kullanılmıştır. ABO fenotiplerinin gözlemlenen ve beklenen dağılımını karşılaştırmak amacıyla istatistiksel analiz için ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: ABO fenotipi dağılımı toplumda beklenen dağılımla benzer olarak bulunmuştur. Tüm hastalar incelendiğinde %50,6 oranında 28 günlük mortalite saptanmıştır. Ölüm oranları, ABO fenotiplerine göre bakıldığında genel kan gruplarının dağılımına benzer özellik göstermektedir. Çalışmamızda, O, A ve B kan gruplarının mortalite oranları referans yayına göre anlamlı daha yüksek olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Çalışmamız hastalara ait kan grubu fenotiplerinin COVID-19 ile ilişkili kritik hastalık ve 28 günlük mortalite için risk faktörü olmadığını düşündürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; kan grubu; mortalite
ABSTRACT
 Objective: COVID-19 started in late 2019 and quickly turned into a global epidemic. There are studies showing that patients with O blood group phenotype can be protected from COVID-19 infection, whereas individuals with A blood group may be at higher risk. We aimed to investigate the relationship between distribution and mortality to disease associated with ABO blood groups in cases diagnosed with COVID-19 followed in tertiary intensive care unit. Material and Methods: The cases followed between 01.04.2020- 01.06.2021 in the 3rd level COVID intensive care unit of our hospital were evaluated retrospectively. As a control group for the prevalence of blood group phenotype, the blood group results of cases other than COVID-19 who applied to the blood center of our hospital during the study period were evaluated. For the expected mortality rates, a study conducted in the intensive care unit was used by making a literature search. The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis to compare the observed and expected distribution of ABO blood groups. Results: The distribution of ABO phenotype was found to be similar to the expected distribution in the population. When all patients were examined, a 28-day mortality was found at a rate of 50.6%. Mortality rates are similar to the distribution of general blood groups according to ABO phenotypes. In our study, mortality rates of O, A and B blood groups were found to be significantly higher than the reference publication. Conclusion: Our study suggests that patients' blood group phenotypes are not a risk factor for COVID-19-related critical illness and 28-day mortality.

Keywords: COVID 19; blood group; mortality
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