Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Pediatrics

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Yenidoğanın Geçici Takipnesi Tanılı Hastaların Değerlendirilmesi
Evaluation of the Patients with Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn
Osman ÖZTEKİNa,b, Salih KALAYa,b, Gönül TEZELa,b, İsmail ÇETİNERa, Mustafa AKÇAKUŞa,b, Nihal OYGÜRa,b
aÇocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları AD, bYenidoğan BD, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Antalya
Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr. 2011;20(4):297-301
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Yenidoğan geçici takipnesi tanısı alan ve mekanik ventilasyon ya da serbest oksijen ile takip edilen bebeklerin geriye dönük olarak değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2007-Ocak 2010 tarihleri arasında Akdeniz Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesinde doğan ve yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde takip edilen 2470 hasta dosyası incelendi. Yenidoğanın geçici takipnesi tanısı alan ve 37 haftanın üzerinde doğan 128 hasta değerlendirildi. Bu hastalardan 39'u; yapısal kardiyak defekt, pulmoner hipertansiyon, pnömotoraks, enfeksiyon, preeklamptik ve diyabetik anne bebeği gibi nedenlerden dolayı çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Çalışmaya alınan 89 hasta ilk müdahale şekillerine göre entübe mekanik ventilasyon (SIMV, PSV) ve kask içi serbest oksijen (FiO2 %40) gereksinimlerine göre iki gruba ayrıldı. Her iki hasta grubu için hasta dosyalarından hastaların; doğum şekli, doğum ağırlığı, gestasyonel yaşı, cinsiyet, başvuru anındaki solunum sayısı, kan gazı ve saturasyon değerleri, tam olarak enteral beslenmeye geçiş süresi ve hastanede yatış süreleri belirlenerek karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Mekanik ventilatör ihtiyacı olan hastalar serbest oksijen ile takip edilen hastalar ile karşılaştırıldığında doğum sonrası ilk 2 saat içinde bakılan kan gazında ortalama pH ve pO2 değerleri, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı oranda düşük, ortalama pCO2 değerleri ise daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). Mekanik ventilasyon ile takip edilen hastalarda ortalama hastanede yatış süresi ve ortalama tam enteral beslenmeye geçiş süresi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha uzun idi (p<0.05, p<0.05). Sonuç: Yenidoğanın geçici takipnesi hafif seyirli ve kendiliğinden düzelen klinik bir durum olarak bilinmektedir. Bununla birlikte hipoksi, hava kaçağı sendromları ve pulmoner basınç artışı eşlik ettiğinde klinik ağır seyirli olabilmektedir. Çalışmamız; yenidoğan geçici takipnesinde pulmoner basınç artışı ve bilinen diğer risk faktörlerinin olmadığı durumlarda dahi kliniğin ağır seyredebileceğini ve uzun hastane yatışı gerekebileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Bebek, yenidoğan, hastalıklar; solunum hastalıkları; oksijen solunum tedavisi;pulmoner ventilasyon
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of the present study is to retrospectively evaluate the patients being monitored under mechanical ventilation or free oxygen therapy diagnosed with transient tachypnea of the newborn. Material and Methods: Medical records of 2470 patients being monitored at the neonatal intensive care unit who were born in the Akdeniz University Medical Faculty Hospital between January 2007 and January 2010 were scanned. One hundred twenty eight patients diagnosed with transient tachypnea of the newborn and who were born at week >37 were included in the assessments. Thirty nine of these patients were excluded from this study because of cardiac defects, pulmonary hypertension, pneumothorax, infection, preeclamptic and diabetic mother baby. The patients were divided into two groups, with regard to need of intubated mechanical ventilation (SIMV, PSV) or free flow oxygen with head-box (FiO2 40%). The medical records of the patients in these groups were assessed in terms of sex, birth weight, gestational age, mode of delivery, respiratory rate, arterial blood gases and oxygen saturation, duration of the time for full enteral feeding and duration of hospital stay. Results: The comparison of the patients requiring mechanical ventilation and free oxygen therapy showed significantly decreased mean pH and pO2 values and significantly increased mean pCO2 values in the second hours following delivery (p< 0.05). Mean duration of hospital stay and mean time to full enteral feeding were statistically significantly longer in patients being monitored under mechanical ventilation (p< 0.05, p< 0.05). Conclusion: Transient tachypnea of the newborn is known to be a benign and self-limiting disorder. Furthermore it can cause severe morbidity such as hypoxia, pulmonary air leak syndromes and persistent pulmonary hypertension. Our study demonstrated that severe clinical particulars and long-hospitalization period may be present in the transient tachypnea of newborn without other risk factors and increased pulmonary pressure.

Keywords: Infant, newborn, diseases; respiration disorders; oxygen inhalation therapy; pulmonary ventilation

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