Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

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Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Bebeği Yatan Annelerin Bebek Beslenmesine İlişkin Tutumlarının İncelenmesi: Tanımlayıcı ve Kesitsel Çalışma
Investigation of Attitudes of Mothers with Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit towards Infant Nutrition: Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study
Selver GÜLERa, Zerrin ÇİĞDEMb, Erhan ELMAOĞLUc
aSANKO Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hemşireliği ABD, Gaziantep, Türkiye
bHasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hemşireliği ABD, Gaziantep, Türkiye
cKilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi Yusuf Şerefoğlu Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hemşireliği ABD, Kilis, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2023;15(1):54-63
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2022-89209
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Araştırma, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde bebeği yatan annelerin bebek beslenme tutumlarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma bir devlet hastanesinde tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın etik kurul izni bir üniversitenin 2017-08 sayılı kararı ile alınmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde; SPSS 25.0 programı ile tanımlayıcı istatistikler ile tek yönlü varyans analizi, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U ve bağımsız örneklem t-testi analizleri kullanılmıştır. Örneklemini araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü 177 anne oluşturmuştur. Veriler; veri toplama formu ve Iowa Bebek Beslenmesi Tutum Ölçeği [Infant Feeding Attitude Scale IIFAS)] kullanılarak yüz-yüze görüşme yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Annelerin IIFAS puan ortalaması 56,41±7,22 olarak bulunmuştur. Annelerin %27,2'sinin 31-35 yaş aralığında olduğu, %67,8'inin emzirme deneyimi olduğu, %61,6'sının normal doğum yaptığı, %23,2'sinin ilk emzirmede sorun yaşadığı, %83,6'sının emzirmeyle ilgili eğitim almadığı ve annelerin %55,4'ünün bebeğini doğumdan sonra hemen emzirdiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamına alınan bebeklerin; %58,2'sinin erkek olduğu, %72,3'ünün doğumda sağlık sorunu olmadığı, %38,4'ünün şimdiki ağırlığının 2.000-3.000 g ve %22,6'sının sağlık durumunun anne sütü ile beslenmesini etkilediğini ifade etmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan annelerin gelir durumu, çalışma durumu, anne sütü eğitimi aldığı kişi, doğumdan sonra bebeği ilk emzirme zamanı, bebeğin şimdiki yaşı, bebeğin şimdiki kilosu ve bebeği ne kadar süreyle emzirdiği IIFAS toplam puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı fark olduğu bulunmuştur (p <0,05). Sonuç: Çalışmada, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde bebeği yatan annelerin IIFAS puan ortalaması yüksek olduğu ve emzirmede pozitif tutum sergiledikleri görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Emzirme; tutum; anne sütü; bebek
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The research was carried out to examine infant feeding attitudes of mothers whose infants were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit. Material and Methods: The research was conducted in a descriptive and cross-sectional type in a state hospital. The ethics committee approval of the research was obtained with the decision of a university numbered 2017-08. In the evaluation of the data; Descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance, KruskalWallis, Mann-Whitney U and independent sample t-test analyzes were used with SPSS 25.0 program. The sample consisted of 177 mothers who volunteered to participate in the study. Data; Data collection form and Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) were obtained by faceto-face interview method. Results: The mean IIFAS score of the mothers was found to be 56.41±7.22. 27.2% of the mothers were between the ages of 31-35, 67.8% had breastfeeding experience, 61.6% had a normal delivery, 23.2% had problems during the first breastfeeding, 83.6% did not receive training on breastfeeding, and 55.4% of the mothers did not have any education about breastfeeding. It has been determined that she breastfeeds immediately after birth. Babies included in the study; 58.2% of them were male, 72.3% of them had no health problems at birth, 38.4% of them stated that their current weight is 2,000-3,000 g and 22.6% of them have an effect on breastfeeding. It was found that there was a significant difference between the income status, employment status, the person receiving breastfeeding education, the first breastfeeding time after birth, the current age of the baby, the current weight of the baby and how long the baby was breastfed, and the total score averages of IIFAS of the mothers participating in the study (p<0.05). Conclusion: In the study, it was observed that the mothers whose babies were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit had a high IIFAS score average and showed a positive attitude towards breastfeeding.

Keywords: Breastfeeding; attitude; breast milk; baby
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