Journal of Literature Pharmacy Sciences

Yeni Dozaj Formları: Oral Filmler
New Dosage Forms: Oral Films
Ece ÖZCAN BÜLBÜLa, Ayca YILDIZ PEKÖZa, Yıldız ÖZSOYa
aFarmasötik Teknoloji ABD, İstanbul Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
J Lit Pharm Sci. 2019;8(3):171-84
doi: 10.5336/pharmsci.2019-70648
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Oral yol; hasta uyumluluğu, uygulama kolaylığı, kabul edilebilirliği ve girişimsel olmaması nedeni ile ilaç uygulanması için en sık tercih edilen yoldur. Tablet ve kapsüller en popüler oral katı dozaj formlarıdır. Geriatrik, pediatrik, psikiyatrik ve yutma güçlüğü çeken hastalar (disfajili hastalar) tablet ve kapsülleri yutmakta zorlanırlar. Tablet ve kapsüllerin yutulması, akut alerjik atak, suyun bulunmaması ve boğulma korkusu gibi bazı durumlarda da zor olabilir. Bu zorlukların üstesinden gelmek için oral filmler çok umut verici bir farmasötik dozaj formu olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Oral filmler; esasen kompleks polimerik matriksten oluşan bir ilaç taşıyıcı sistemdir. Bu polimerik matriksler, iyi tasarlanmış ilaç taşıyıcı sistemleri oluşturmak için farklı bileşenlerden oluşabilir, ancak genellikle ana yapıları polimerdir. Arzu edilen film özelliklerine göre film formülasyonunda etken maddenin yanı sıra; polimerler, plastizerler, etken maddeler, tatlandırıcılar, aroma maddeleri, tükürük uyarıcılar, yüzey etken maddeler, renklendiriciler, stabilizatörler ve kıvam artırıcılar kullanılmaktadır. Oral filmlerin hazırlanmasında en çok çözücü dökme yöntemi kullanılır. Oral filmlerin türüne bağlı olarak yapılan testler; kalınlık, ağırlık tekdüzeliği, pH, nem içeriği, nem absorpsiyonu, nem kaybı, şişme çalışmaları, dağılma testi, gerilme direnci, uzama yüzdesi, elastik modülü, katlanma direnci, içerik tekdüzeliği, çözünme hızı testleridir. Bu çalışmada; oral filmler ve çeşitleri, oral filmlerin avantaj ve dezavantajları, oral film formülasyonlarının bileşenleri, oral filmlerin hazırlanmasında kullanılan yöntemler, oral filmler üzerinde yapılan testler ve bu alandaki makale örneklerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Oral filmler; farmasötik preparatlar; ağızdan ilaç uygulaması; bukkal uygulama; polimerler; plastikleştiriciler
ABSTRACT
 Oral route is a most preferred route for administration of drugs due to its patient compliance, ease of administration, acceptability and non-invasiveness. Tablets and capsules are the most popular oral solid dosage forms. Geriatric, pediatric, psychiatric and patients who have difficulty swallowing (patients with dysphagia) find it difficult to swallow tablets and capsules. The swallowing of tablet or capsules may also become difficult in some cases such as acute allergic attack, unavailability of water and fear of choking. To overcome these difficulties, oral films emerged as a very promising pharmaceutical dosage form. Oral films are a drug delivery system consisting essentially of a complex polymeric matrices. These polymeric matrices may be composed of different components in order to reach well-designed drug delivery systems, but generally their main structure is polymer. Polymers, plasticizers, sweeteners, flavoring agents, saliva stimulants, surfactants, colorants, stabilizers and thickeners are used in addition to the active substances in the film formulation according to the desired film properties. In the preparation of oral films, solvent casting is most commonly used. Depending on the type of oral films; thickness, weight uniformity, pH, moisture content, moisture absorption, moisture loss, swelling studies, disintegration test, tensile strength, percentage elongation, elastic modulus, folding endurance, content uniformity, dissolution rate tests are performed. In this review; oral films and their types, advantages and disadvantages of oral films, components of oral film formulations, methods used in the preparation of oral films, tests on oral films and examples of articles in this field were evaluated.

Keywords: Oral film; pharmaceutic preparations; oral drug administration; buccal administration; polymers; plasticizers
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