Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Yaşlı Bireylerin Diş Sağlığı ve Sosyoekonomik Durumları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Relation Between Dental Health and Socio-economic Status in Elderly People
Büşra KARABULUTa, Görkem SENGEZb, Can DÖRTERb
aRestoratif Diş Tedavisi AD, Marmara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi,
bRestoratif Diş Tedavisi AD, İstanbul Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2019;4(2):162-9
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2018-63708
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Yaşlı bireylerin eğitim durumu, mesleği, aylık geliri, yaşadığı çevre, sistemik hastalıkları, beslenme alışkanlıkları, diş hekimine gitme sıklığı ve ağız-diş sağlığı arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, İstanbul Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Restoratif Diş Tedavisi Ana Bilim Dalı Kliniği'ne Şubat-Mart 2017 tarihleri arasında tedavi olmak üzere başvuran 65 yaş ve üzeri 31 erkek, 21 kadın toplam 52 hasta muayene edildi. Hastaların yaş, meslek ve öğrenim durumları, aylık geliri, kiminle yaşadığı, varsa sistemik hastalıkları, diş fırçalama sıklığı, diş hekimine gitme sıklığı, şekerli yiyecek tüketme sıklığı, dişlerin DMFT indeksi ile dişlerde görülen aşınma şekilleriyle ilgili bilgiler, hazırlanan anket formuna kaydedildi. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney U ve Fisher Freeman Halton testi kullanıldı (p<0,05). Bulgular: Katılımcıların 43 (%82)'ünün yaş aralığı 65-75 yıl, 8 (%15)'inin 75-85 yıl, 1'i ise 85 yaş üzeri kategorisine dâhildir. Anket sonuçlarına göre hastaların 3 (%5,7)'ünün aylık geliri 1.000 TL'nin altında, 43 (%82,6)'ünün aylık geliri 1.000-3.000 TL aralığında, 4 (%7,6)'ünün aylık geliri 3.000- 5.000 TL aralığında, 2 (%3,8)'sinin aylık geliri 5.000 TL ve üzeri aralığındadır. Ağız içi muayeneler sonucunda; yaş aralığı 65-75 yıl olanlarda DMFT indeksi 16,95±6,86, 75-85 yıl olanlarda 18,89±7,42, 85 yaş ve üzerinde 28 olarak bulunmuştur. Elde edilen verilere göre yaş grupları arasında, eğitim düzeyi ve gelir seviyesi ile DMFT indeksi açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamaktadır. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, yaşlı bireylerin DMFT indekslerinin yüksek olduğunu ve sadece şikâyet varlığında diş hekimine gittiklerini göstermiştir. Yaşlı bireylerin ağız diş sağlığını geliştirmek için onların daha sık diş hekimi kontrolüne gelmeleri, şeker tüketimini azaltmaları, ağız bakımını artırmaları konusunda tavsiyede bulunulmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Geriatrik diş hekimliği; DMF endeksi; sosyoekonomik faktörler
ABSTRACT
 Objective: To evaluate the association between geriatric patients' oral health and their educational background, occupation, monthly income, place of residence, systemic diseases, nutrition and frequency of dental examination. Material and Methods: 52 patients (31 male, 21 female) above 65 years old whom applied to Istanbul University Department of Restorative Dentistry between February-March 2017 were examined. Patient's age, occupation, educational background, monthly income, place of residence, existence of sistemic diseases, oral hygiene habits and frequency of visits to the dentist, diet and DMFT scores were recorded. Data were analysed using Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U and Fisher Freeman Halton tests with the significance level set at p<0.05. Results: 43 (%82) of patients were between 65-75 years, 8 (%15) of them were 75-85 and 1 of them was at 85+ years old. In the category of monthly income, 3 (%5.7) of them were under 1.000 TL, 43 (%82.6) of them at 1.000-3.000 TL, 4 (%7.6) of them were at 3.000-5.000 TL and 2 (3.8) of them were at upper 5.000 TL. According to clinical examination, DMFT scores were 16.95±6.86 at 65-75 years, 18.89±7.42 at 75-85 years, 28 at 85+ years. There was no statistically significant difference in DMFT numbers between age groups, education levels and monthly income. Conclusion: DMFT scores are high in elderly patients. They only tend to visit the dentist only in the presence of pain. To improve the oral health of elderly patients, they need to be encouraged to limit the sugary food, improve their oral hygiene habits and pay frequent visits to the dentist.

Keywords: Geriatric dentistry; DMF index; socioeconomic factors
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