Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Yaşlı Bireylerde Aromaterapi Uygulamaları: Sistematik Derleme
Aromatherapy Interventions in Elderly Person: A Systematic Review
Amine TERZİa, Haben Tesfu GEBRESSALESIEb, Yasemin YILDIRIMa
aEge Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
bEge Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Geriatri Hemşireliği ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
J Tradit Complem Med. 2020;3(3):293-303
doi: 10.5336/jtracom.2019-72546
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Aromaterapi, hemşireler tarafından yaygın olarak kullanılan tamamlayıcı terapiler içerisinde yer almaktadır. Aromaterapi uygulamaları, yaşlı bireylerde ağrı, bulantı, kusma, uyku sorunları ve bilişsel-emosyonel sorunlar gibi birçok semptomun yönetiminde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yaşlı bireylerde aromaterapinin uygulandığı ve etkinliğinin değerlendirildiği araştırmaları tanımlamak ve sistematik olarak gözden geçirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, 'Centre for Reviews and Dissemination' 2009 rehberi doğrultusunda yapılmış ve çalışmaya alınan makalelerin tablosu, 'popülasyon, girişimler, karşılaştırma grupları, sonuçlar, çalışma türü' başlıklarından oluşan yönteme göre hazırlanmıştır. Tarama kapsamına, 1999-2019 yılları arasındaki çalışmalar alınmıştır. Tarama, ilgili veri tabanlarında; "yaşlı", "yaşlı birey", "aromaterapi", "aromaterapi masajı", "aromaterapi uygulaması" "yaşlı bireylerde aromaterapi" sözcükleri ve bu sözcüklerin İngilizce karşılıkları kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Tarama sonucunda dâhil edilme kriterlerine uygun 22 araştırma, çalışma kapsamına alınmıştır. Çalışmalar, daha çok kadınlarla yapılmış ve bu çalışmalarda ağrı, yaşam kalitesi, anksiyete, stres, demans gibi durumlar değerlendirilmiştir. Aromaterapi uygulamasında lavanta, greyfurt, zencefil, badem, portakal gibi yağlar kullanılmıştır. Çalışmalarda aromaterapi, inhaler veya masaj şeklinde topikal olarak uygulanmıştır. İncelenen çalışmaların tasarımı ön-test-son-test, deneysel ve randomize kontrollü çalışmalar şeklindedir. Sonuç: Yapılan çalışmalar, aromaterapinin inhaler veya masaj uygulaması fark etmeksizin, ağrı, uyku kalitesi, yaşam kalitesi, ajitasyon, anksiyete, depresyon gibi semptomlar üzerine olumlu etkisi olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda, yaşlı bireylerin hemşirelik bakımında aromaterapi uygulamalarının kullanılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Aromaterapi; hemşirelik bakımı; yaşlı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Aromatherapy is one of the complementary therapies commonly used by nurses. Aromatherapy applications are used in the management of many symptoms such as pain, nausea, vomiting, sleep problems and cognitive-emotional problems in elderly individuals. The aim of this study was to identify and systematically review the studies in which aromatherapy was practiced and evaluated for its efficacy. Material and Methods: The study was conducted according to the Center for Reviews and Dissemination 2009 guidelines and the table of the articles included in the study was prepared according to method is consisted of titles; population, interventions, comparators, outcomes, study designs. The studies between 1999-2019 were included in the scope of the survey. Scanning in related databases; "elderly", "elderly individual", "aromatherapy", "aromatherapy massage", "aromatherapy practice/application", "aromatherapy in elderly individuals" was made using the words. Results: Twenty-two studies were included in the study. Studies were mostly done with women and these studies evaluated the conditions such as pain, quality of life, anxiety, stress and dementia. In aromatherapy practice; oils such as lavender, grapefruit, ginger, almond, orange were used. In studies, aromatherapy was applied topically as an inhaler or as a massage. The design of the studies analyzed; pretest-posttest are experimental and randomized controlled studies. Conclusion: It was indicated that aromatherapy had a positive effect on symptoms such as pain, sleep quality, quality of life, agitation, anxiety, depression regardless of massage or inhaler practice. In line with these results; the use of aromatherapy in nursing care of elderly individuals is recommended.

Keywords: Aromatherapy; nursing care; elder
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