Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

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Yara Skarları ve Engel Oranı Değerlendirmesi: Geleneksel Derleme
Wound Scars and Evaluation of Disability Rates: Traditional Review
Ekin Özgür AKTAŞa, Ahsen KAYAa
aEge Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Adli Tıp ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med. 2022;19(1):68-74
doi: 10.5336/forensic.2021-86145
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Doğuştan veya edinsel olarak, fiziksel veya ruhsal hastalıkların, bireylerin bazı hareketlerini, duyularını veya işlevlerini azaltması ve bu nedenle kişilerin normal bireylere göre bazı faaliyetleri yerine getirmelerinin zorlaşması durumuna genel olarak 'engellilik' adı verilir. Kişilerdeki engel oranlarının belirlenmesi, gerek bireylerin engellilere tanınan haklardan yararlanması gerekse de açılan davalarda hakkaniyete uygun bir karar verilebilmesi için şarttır. Kaza veya kasıtlı yaralanmalar sonucunda oluşan edinsel engellilikler nedeniyle açılacak tazminat davalarında, tazminat oranlarının belirlenebilmesi için dava konusu olayla illiyeti bulunan engelliliğin ve engel oranının belirlenmesi bir zorunluluk olmaktadır. Özellikle trafik kazalarına bağlı yaralanmaların her geçen yıl artması ve dolayısıyla bu yaralanmalara bağlı engelli raporu taleplerinin de çoğalması söz konusudur. Artan talep doğrultusunda hazırlanan engelli raporlarının düzenlenmesi aşamasında, birtakım sorunların ve değerlendiren kurum ya da kişilere göre bazı yaklaşım farklılıklarının olduğu dikkat çekmektedir. Engel oranlarıyla ilgili değerlendirmeye esas yönetmeliklerdeki kriterler açık olmakla birlikte, son zamanlarda farklı yorumlamalara neden olan yaralanmalar arasında sıklıkla kişilerdeki yara skarlarının değerlendirilmesinin yer aldığı dikkat çekmektedir. Yara skarları, yaranın büyüklüğüne, yerine, doku kaybı olup olmadığına, enfeksiyon gibi komplikasyonların oluşup oluşmadığına, uygulanan tedaviye ve bireysel özelliklere bağlı olarak bireyden bireye farklılık gösterebilir. Bu yazıda, yara skarlarının engel oranı hesaplamalarında dikkate alınıp alınamayacağını, alınacak ise yara skarlarının hangi şartları sağlamasının gerektiğini ve bu konudaki görüş farklılıklarını tartışmak amaçlandı.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Engellilik; engel oranı; yaralanma; yara skarı
ABSTRACT
 Congenital or acquired, physical or mental diseases reduce some of the movements, senses or functions of individuals and therefore they make it difficult for people to perform certain activities compared to normal individuals, and it is generally called 'disability'. Determining the disability rates in individuals is essential for both individuals to benefit from the rights granted to disabled people and for making a fair decision in lawsuits. In compensation lawsuits to be filed due to acquired disabilities as a result of accidental or intentional injuries, it is a necessity to determine the disability and disability rate that is related to the event in question in order to determine the compensation rates. In particular, there is an increase in the number of injuries due to traffic accidents every year, and therefore the demand for disability reports due to these injuries is also increasing. It is noteworthy that there are some problems and some differences in approach according to the evaluating institutions or individuals during the preparation of disability reports prepared in line with the increasing demand. Although the criteria in the regulations about disability rates based on the evaluation are clear, it has recently been noted that the evaluation of wound scars in individuals is often among the injuries that cause different interpretations. Wound scars may differ from individual to individual depending on the size of the wound, its location, whether there is tissue loss, whether complications such as infection occur, or the treatment applied and individual characteristics. In this manuscript, it is aimed to discuss whether scars can be taken into account in the calculation of the disability ratio, what conditions should be met by the scars if they are to be taken, and the differences of opinions on this issue.

Keywords: Disability; disability rate; injury; wound scar
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