Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Vardiyalı Çalışma Durumlarının Hedonik Açlık ve Sirkadiyen Ritim ile İlişkisi: Kesitsel Çalışma
The Relationship of Shift Work Status with Hedonic Hunger and Circadian Rhythm: A Cross-Sectional Study
Rumeysa SEVERa , Yahya ÖZDOĞANb
aAnkara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik AD, Ankara, Türkiye
bAnkara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(4):663-72
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2024-103249
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, 19-64 yaş arası düzenli vardiyalı, düzensiz vardiyalı veya vardiyasız çalışan erişkin bireylerde hedonik açlık ve sirkadiyen ritim arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmanın örneklemini Ankara, Balıkesir ve Konya illerinde yaşayan 97 erkek ve 85 kadın olmak üzere toplam 182 kişi oluşturmuştur. Veriler çalışmaya gönüllü kişilerden yüz yüze anket yoluyla alınmıştır. Ölçme aracı olarak Besin Gücü Ölçeği (BGÖ), Sabahçıl-Akşamcıl Anketi (SAA), Biyolojik Ritim Değerlendirme Görüşmesi (BRDG) ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Ölçeğine [International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)] yer verilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tek yönlü varyans analizi, Tukey, Pearson ve kikare testlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmadaki katılımcıların %38,46'sı vardiyalı, %19,23'ü bazen vardiyalı ve %42,31'i normal düzende çalışmaktadır. Katılımcıların BGÖ puanlarına göre %53,85'inde hedonik açlık saptanmıştır. Yirmi dört saatlik vardiyalı çalışanların BGÖ puanları 16 saatlik vardiyalı çalışanlardan daha yüksektir (p<0,05). Sağlıklı bireylerde herhangi bir hastalık tanısı almış olan bireylere göre hedonik açlık görülme sıklığı daha yüksektir (p<0,05). Hedonik açlık ile beden kitle indeksi, bel, kalça, üst orta kol çevresi ve cinsiyet arasında ilişki bulunmamaktadır (p>0,05). Katılımcıların %49,45'i ara tip kronotipe sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. BGÖ puanları ile SAA puanları arasında aynı yönlü zayıf ilişki bulunurken (r=0,253; p<0,05), BRDG puanları ile anlamlı ilişki bulunmamaktadır (p>0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, sirkadiyen ritim ile hedonik açlık arasında ilişki olabileceği bulunmuştur. Ayrıca uzun süre vardiyalı çalışmanın hedonik açlığı artırabileceği bulunmuştur. Hedonik açlığın kronotip türüne bağlı olarak ve vardiyalı çalışma ile artabileceği dikkate alınarak bireylere özgün ve dengeli beslenme planlarının oluşturulması, hedonik açlıkla ilgili bilgilendirilmelerin yapılması sağlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Vardiyalı çalışma planı; hedonik açlık; sirkadiyen ritim
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between circadian rhythm and types of hunger in adults aged 19- 64 working in shift or fixed shift work. Material and Methods: 182 individuals (97 males and 85 females) living in Ankara, Balıkesir, and Konya provinces participated in the study. The necessary data were obtained from the participants through a face-to-face survey and the questionnaire included the Power of Food Scale (PFS), MorningnessEveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), the Biological Rhythm Assessment Interview (BRIAN), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). One-way analysis of variance, Tukey, Pearson correlation, and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data. Results: In the study, 38.46% of the participants worked in shifts, 19.23% sometimes worked in shifts and 42.31% worked usually. According to participant's PFS scores, hedonic hunger was found in 53.85%. In addition, PFS scores were higher in 24-hour shift workers than in 16-hour shift workers (p<0.05). In the study, hedonic hunger was higher in healthy individuals than in individuals diagnosed with any disease (p<0.05). In this study, no significant relationship was found between hedonic hunger and body mass index, waist, hip, upper middle arm circumference, and gender (p>0.05). It was determined that 49.45% of the participants had intermediate chronotypes. A weak correlation was found between PFS, and MEQ scores in the same direction (r=0.253; p<0.05). However, no significant correlation was found between PFS scores and BRIAN scores in this study (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study identified a correlation between circadian rhythm and hedonic hunger. Additionally, it was observed that long-term shift work was associated with increased hedonic hunger. Considering the potential for hedonic hunger to vary depending on chronotype and shift work, it is essential to ensure the provision of tailored and balanced nutrition plans for individuals, along with information about hedonic hunger.

Keywords: Shift work schedule; hedonic hunger; circadian ryhthm
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