Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Ophthalmology

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Uzaktan Eğitim Sürecinin 6-13 Yaş Arası Çocuklarda Miyopi Progresyonuna Etkisi: Olgu Kontrol Çalışması
The Effect of Distance Education Process on Myopia Progression in Children Aged 6-13: A Case Control Study
İrfan Botan GÜNEŞa, Fuat YAVRUMb
aKocaeli Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi, Medicalpark Kocaeli Hastanesi, Göz Hastalıkları Kliniği, Kocaeli, Türkiye
bAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi Alanya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Göz Hastalıkları ABD, Antalya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol. 2023;32(1):46-51
doi: 10.5336/ophthal.2022-93587
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] pandemisi döneminde, uzaktan eğitim sürecinin çocuklarda miyopi progresyonuna etkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Mart 2020-Eylül 2021 tarihleri arasında, kliniğimizde miyopi nedeni ile takip edilmiş 6-13 yaş arasındaki 144 hastanın 144 gözü pandemi grubu olarak, Mart 2018-Eylül 2019 tarihleri arasında yüz yüze eğitim görmüş ve miyopi nedeni ile takip edilmiş aynı yaş grubundaki 134 hastanın 134 gözü kontrol grubu olarak çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Her iki gruptaki hastaların 1 ve 2. muayenelerindeki siklopleji sonrası otorefraktometri ölçümleri kaydedildi ve sferik eşdeğer değerleri hesaplandı. Katılımcıların açık alanda ve ekran karşısında geçirdikleri ortalama süre sorgulandı ve kaydedildi. Ortalama sferik eşdeğer değerlerindeki değişim gruplar arasında ve grupların kendi içerisinde karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Birinci ölçümde pandemi grubunda ortalama sferik eşdeğer -0,59±1,9 dioptri (D), 2. ölçümde -1,15±2,1 D olarak hesaplandı (p<0,001). Kontrol grubunda 1. ölçümde ortalama sferik eşdeğer -0,61±2,0 D, 2. ölçümde -0,97±2,2 D olarak saptandı (p=0,002). Bir ve 2. ölçüm arasındaki ortalama sferik eşdeğer farkı pandemi grubunda -0,56±0,8 D iken, kontrol grubunda -0,36±0,9 D olarak saptandı. Pandemi grubunun ortalama sferik eşdeğerindeki değişim kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek saptandı (p<0,001). Açık alanda geçirilen süre açısından 2 grup arasında anlamlı farklılık olmadığı görüldü (p=0,102). Ekran karşısında geçirilen süre pandemi grubunda günlük ortalama 5,86±1,8 saat, kontrol grubunda 1,24±0,8 saat olarak saptandı (p<0,001). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde uygulanan uzaktan eğitim sürecinin çocuklarda miyopi progresyonunu artırdığını saptadık. Gelecekte benzer durumlar yaşanır ise toplum göz sağlığı açısından bu durumun dikkate alınması gerektiğini düşünüyoruz.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Miyopi; COVID-19 pandemisi; uzaktan eğitim
ABSTRACT
 Objective: To investigate effect of distance education process on myopia progression in children during the coronavirus disease- 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Material and Methods: 144 eyes of 144 patients aged 6-13 years who diagnosed with myopia between March 2020-September 2021 in pandemic group and 134 eyes of 134 patients who diagnosed with myopia and with face to face education between March 2018-September 2019 in control group were included in the study. Measurements after cycloplegia in first and second examinations of patients were recorded and spherical equivalent values were calculated. Average time spent by participants in outdoor activities and with digital screen devices was questioned and recorded. Changes in mean spherical equivalent values were compared between groups and within groups. Results: Mean spherical equivalent in pandemic group was -0.59±1.9 diopters (D) in first measurement, and -1.15±2.1 D in 2nd measurement (p<0.001). In control group, mean spherical equivalent was -0.61±2.0 D in first measurement and-0.97±2.2D in 2nd measurement (p=0.002). Mean spherical equivalent difference between first and 2nd measurements was -0.56±0.8 D in pandemic group and - 0.36±0.9 D in control group. The change in mean spherical equivalent of pandemic group was found to be significantly higher than control group (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between 2 groups in terms of time spent outdoors (p=0.102). Mean time spent with digital devices was 5.86±1.8 hours per day in pandemic group and 1.24±0.8 hours in control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: We found that distance education process during COVID-19 pandemic increased progression of myopia in children. This situation should be taken into account in terms of public eye health when making similar decisions in the future.

Keywords: Myopia; COVID-19 pandemic; education distance
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