Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Sosyal Sermaye Algısı ve Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişki
The Association Between Social Capital Perception and Physical Activity Level Among University Students
Günay YILDIZERa
aEskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi Spor Bilimler Fakültesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenliği Bölümü, Eskişehir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2021;13(2):216-25
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2020-79421
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal destek, yardımlaşma ve normları kapsayan sosyal sermaye algısıyla fiziksel aktivite düzeyi arasındaki yordayıcı ilişkinin üniversite öğrencileri arasında araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu araştırmaya, 227 kadın ve 104 erkek üniversite öğrencisi katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, Sosyal Sermaye Algısı Ölçeği ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Kısa Formu kullanılmıştır. Düşük, orta ve yüksek düzeyli fiziksel aktiviteyle harcanan eden görevin metabolik eş değeri [metabolic equivalent of task (MET)] miktarı bağımlı değişken olarak ele alınmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise çoklu lineer regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Analiz sonucunda ise üniversite arkadaşları arasındaki sosyal destek, yardımlaşma ve normları kapsayan yatay okul sosyal sermaye algısı alt boyutu ve yüksek düzeyde yapılan fiziksel aktivite ile harcanan MET miktarı arasında doğrusal, aile sosyal sermaye algısı arasında ise ters yönlü yordayıcı ilişki tespit edilmiştir; F (6,321)=2,427, p=0,026. Düşük düzeyde fiziksel aktiviteyle harcanan MET [F (6,321)=0,838, p=0,541] ile orta düzeyli fiziksel aktiviteyle harcanan MET [F (6,321)=0,695, p=0,653] miktarlarının sosyal sermaye algısı arasında herhangi bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir. Sonuç: Bu bulgular, üniversite öğrencilerinin birbirlerine sağladıkları sosyal desteğin ve üniversite arkadaşları ile içerisinde bulundukları sosyal ağların, yüksek düzeyli fiziksel aktivite katılımı için uygun ortamı sağladığını göstermektedir. Buna karşın aileye yönelik sosyal sermaye algısının, fiziksel aktivite yoğunluğunu ters yönde yordaması ise daha önce ulusal ve uluslararası çalışmalarca farklı yıllarda raporlanan, Türk kültüründe her yaştan bireyin fiziksel aktivite katılımının düşük olmasıyla açıklanabilir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, üniversite öğrencilerini hedef alan fiziksel aktivite müdahale planlarında arkadaşlar arası sosyal etkileşimin planların içerisine dâhil edilmesi gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Sosyal sermaye; fiziksel aktivite; üniversite öğrencileri
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between social capital which includes social support, reciprocity and norms, and physical activity level among university students. Material and Methods: Participants of the study were 227 women and 104 men university students. Social Capital Perception scale and short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire were used as data collection tool. metabolic equivalent of task (MET) estimates of low, moderate and high physical activity were analyzed as dependent variables. Data were analyzed with multiple logistic regression. Results: As a result of the analysis, there is a linear relationship between the horizontal school social capital perception subdimension including social support, cooperation and norms among university friends and the amount of MET spent with high level physical activity. On the other hand, a reverse predictive relationship was found between family and social capital perception, F (6.321)=2.427, p=0.026. There was no any significant association between social capital perception and MET spent with low [F (6.321)=0.838, p=0.541], and moderate MET [F (6.321)=0.695, p=0.653] level physical activity participation. Conclusion: These findings show that the social support that university students provide to each other and the social networks they are in with their university friends provide a suitable environment for high level physical activity participation. On the other hand, the negative prediction of social capital perception towards the family's intensity of physical activity can be explained by the low level of physical activity participation of individuals of all ages in Turkish culture, which was previously reported by national and international studies in different years. The results obtained reveal the necessity of including social interaction among friends in physical activity intervention plans targeting university students.

Keywords: Social capital; physical activity; university students
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