Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Ophthalmology

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Türkiye'deki Göz Hekimlerinin Miyopi Progresyonuna Yaklaşımı: Kesitsel Çalışma
Approach of Miyopia Progression Among Ophthalmologists in Türkiye: Cross-Sectional Study
Melek MUTLU SÖNMEZa , Elif ERTAN BAYDEMİRb
aMedeniyet Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın Göztepe Şehir Hastanesi, Göz Hastalıkları ABD, İstanbul, Türkiye
bBaşakşehir Çam ve Sakura Şehir Hastanesi, Göz Hastalıkları Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol. 2024;33(4):238-44
doi: 10.5336/ophthal.2024-101931
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Türkiye'de görev yapan göz hekimlerinin miyopi progresyonuna yaklaşımını incelemek için kesitsel bir anket çalışması yapmak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamız Ocak-Mart 2024 tarihleri arasında aktif olarak çalışan göz hekimlerine yöneltilen 18 soruluk çevrim içi anket olarak yapılmıştır. Katılımcılara demografik verileri, kurum bilgileri, çalışma yılı, pediatrik oftalmolog olarak çalışma durumları, miyopi progresyonuyla ilgili bilgi düzeylerinde yeterlilik hissi, tedavi endikasyonu ve türü konusunda tercihleri sorulmuştur. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dâhil edilen 193 katılımcının yaş ortalaması 40,1±5,3 idi. Çoğunluğu uzman hekim olup (%55), eğitim ve araştırma hastanelerinde çalışmaktaydı (%51). Pediatrik oftalmolog olarak çalışanların oranı %40 idi. Progresyonu önlemeye yönelik bilgi düzeyini %55'i yeterli, %45'i yetersiz olarak cevaplandırdı. Miyopi progresyonuna yönelik yaşam değişikliği önerisinde bulunma oranı %95, progresyonu önlemeye yönelik tedavi oranı %48 idi. Tedavi uygulamayan hekimler (%52) en sık yeterli bilgi düzeyine sahip olmamayı sebep olarak gösterdi (%30). Tedavi veya öneriler için başlama kriteri olarak en sık son 1 yıl içinde miyopide ≥1 dioptri (D) artış olmasıydı (%58). Çevresel faktörlerde değişim önerisi en sık dışarıda/gün ışığında vakit geçirme idi (%95). Pediatrik oftalmologların %41'i atropin tedavisi, %21'i optik tedavi, %28'i kombinasyon tedavisi uyguladığını belirtti. Çevresel faktörlerde değişim önerileri dışında tedavi verme oranı pediatrik oftalmologlarda anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p=0,02). Oftalmolojide aktif çalışma yılı >15 olan grupta bilgi yeterlilik düzeyi en fazla olup (p<0,001), tedavi uygulamaları arasında anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p=0,68). Sonuç: Çalışmamıza göre ülkemizde miyopi kontrolü açısından çevresel faktörlerde değişim önerileri sık verilmekte olup, tedavi uygulama oranları yetersiz bilgi düzeyi veya yetersiz zaman sebepleriyle daha azdır. Pediatrik oftalmologlarda tedavi verme oranı anlamlı olarak daha yüksektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Miyopi; miyopi progresyonu; göz hekimleri; anket
ABSTRACT
 Objective: To investigate the approach to myopia progression among ophthalmologists working in Türkiye by a cross-sectional survey study. Material and Methods: Our study was planned as an online survey composed of 18 questions directed to actively working ophthalmologists between January-March 2024. Demographic data, institutional information, years of practice, working status as a pediatric ophthalmologist, feeling of competence in knowledge about myopia progression, and preferences regarding the indication and type of treatment were asked to the participants. Results: The average age of 193 participants was 40.1±5.3. Most of them were specialist (55%) and working in training and research hospitals (51%). The rate of working as pediatric ophthalmologist was 40%. Regarding the prevention of progression 55% of the participants responded the level of knowledge as sufficient and 45% as inadequate. The rate of recommendation for behavioral changes for prevention of progression was 95%, and the rate of treatment was 48%. The most frequently cited reason was having inadequate knowledge (30%) among the physicians who do not provide treatment (52%). The most common indication for treatment or recommendation was an increase in ≥1 diopter (D) myopia in one year (58%). The most common recommendation for environmental changes was spending time outdoors (95%). Among pediatric ophthalmologist 41% of them were applying atropine treatment, 21% of them were applying optical treatment, 28% of them were applying combination therapy. The rate of giving treatment other than environmental changes was significantly higher in pediatric ophthalmologist (p=0.02). The level of knowledge adequacy was highest in >15 year of practice in ophthalmology group (p<0.001) and no significant difference was found between practice years and applying treatment (p=0.68). Conclusion: According to our study, recommendations for environmental factor changes in terms of myopia control are common in our country. How ever treatment application rates remain low due to insufficient knowledge or time. Among pediatric ophthalmologists the rate of treatment is significantly higher.

Keywords: Myopia; myopia progression; ophthalmologists; survey
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