Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Türkiye'de Olimpiyata Hazırlanan Sporcuların Cinsiyete Göre Ağız-Diş Sağlığı Profilinin Belirlenmesi
Determination of the Oral and Dental Health Profile in Athletes Prepared to the Olympics by Gender in Turkey
Osman HAMAMCILARa, Tuğba KOCAHANa, Bihter AKINOĞLUb, Adnan HASANOĞLUa
aGençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı, Sağlık İşleri Dairesi Başkanlığı, Sporcu Eğitim Sağlık ve Araştırma Merkezi (SESAM),
bFizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2019;11(3):146-52
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2019-66542
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç:Optimal spor performansına ulaşmak için yüksek karbonhidrat tüketiminin önerildiği sporcu beslenmesi, sporcuların ağız mikroflorasında hastalıklardan sorumlu olan bakterilerin artışına sebep olur. Bilinen en yaygın bulaşıcı olmayan kronik hastalık olan periodontal hastalık ve diş hastalıklarının cinsiyet ile ilişkisi araştırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'de olimpiyata hazırlan sporcuların ağız-diş sağlığı profilini ortaya koymak ve sporcularda cinsiyetler arası ağız-diş sağlığı profilini karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamıza, farklı spor dallarından 314 kadın ve 584 erkek olmak üzere toplam 898 sporcu dâhil edildi. Sporcuların ağız-diş sağlığı profili diş hekimi muayenesi sonucu çürük diş, kayıp diş ve restore diş bilgileri kaydedilerek belirlenen çürük, kayıp, dolgulu dişler [decay, missing, filled teeth (DMFT)] indeksi ve toplum periodontal indeksi [community periodontal index (CPI)] ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Sporcuların DMFT değerinin Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) 2020 hedef değerinin üzerinde, CPI değerinin DSÖ 2020 hedef değerinin altında olduğu tespit edildi. Kadın ve erkek sporcuların çürük diş, eksik diş ve dolgulu diş sayıları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığı belirlendi (p>0,05). Kadın sporcuların erkek sporculara göre daha az sıklıkta diş fırçaladıkları ve kadın sporcuların erkek sporculara göre daha sık diş hekimine gittikleri belirlendi (p<0,05). Cinsiyete göre periodontal hastalık varlığı karşılaştırıldığında ise kadınlarda periodontal hastalığın daha az olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,05). Sonuç: Ağızdiş sağlığının genel sağlık, antrenman ve sportif performans üzerine etkileri olduğu ve genel sağlığın önemli bir parçası olduğu, sportif performansın optimize edilmesi için periyodik ağız-diş muayeneleri yapılması gerektiği unutulmamalıdır. Sporcularda ağız-diş sağlığını korumaya yönelik eğitim programları ve tedavi edici yaklaşımların uygulanmasını önermekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Sporcu; DMFT; endodonti; periodontit
ABSTRACT
 Objective: In order to achieve optimal sports performance, athletic nutrition in which high carbohydrate consumption is recommended causes an increase in bacteria responsible for diseases in mouth microflora of athletes. The relationship between sex with most common non-communicable chronic disease, periodontal disease, and dental diseases is investigated. The aim of this study was prepared by Turkey in the oral health of olympic athletes reveal the gender profile athletes and to compare the oral health profile. Material and Methods: A total of 898 athletes, 314 females and 584 males, were included in the study. Oral-dental health profile of the athletes was evaluated by decay, lost a tooth and rested tooth and decay, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index and community periodontal index (CPI) was determined. Results: DMFT value of the athletes was higher than World Health Organization (WHO) 2020 target value and CPI value was below the WHO 2020 target value. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female athletes in decayed teeth, missing teeth and filled teeth (p>0.05). It was determined, female athletes brushed their teeth less frequently than male athletes and female athletes went to the dentist more frequently than male athletes (p<0.05). When the presence of periodontal disease was compared with gender, the periodontal disease was found to be less in women (p<0.05). Conclusion: It should be kept in mind that oral and dental health has an impact on general health, training, and sportive performance and those periodic oral-dental examinations are needed to optimize sporting performance. We recommend implementation of training programs and therapeutic approaches to protect oral health in athletes.

Keywords: Athletes; DMFT; endodonti; periodontit
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