Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Pediatrics

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Türk Noonan Sendromlu Hastalarda Genotip Fenotip İlişkisi
Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in Turkish Noonan Syndrome Population
Umut ALTUNOĞLUa, Ellen DENAYERb, Rasim Özgür ROSTİa, Birsen KARAMANa, Hülya KAYSERİLİa
aTıbbi Genetik AD, İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbulTıp Fakültesi, İstanbul
bİnsan Genetiği AD, Leuven Katolik Üniversitesi, Leuven, Belçika
Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr. 2009;18(3):174-80
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Çalışmamız, moleküler düzeyde tanısı kesinleşmiş 15 Noonan sendromu olgusunun klinik ve moleküler bulgularını gözden geçirerek literatür ışığında genotip-fenotip ilişkisini tartışan, Türkiye için ilk ve özgün bir çalışmadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Tıbbi Genetik Anabilim Dalına başvurmuş ve Noonan sendromu klinik tanısı almış 35 hasta, Leuven Katolik Üniversitesi İnsan Genetiği Departmanında Noonan sendromuna yol açan dört gendeki -PTPN11, SOS1, KRAS ve RAF1- mutasyonlar açısından analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Noonan sendromu klinik tanısı ile değerlendirilen 35 hasta içinden moleküler çalışmalar sonucunda 13'ünde PTPN11 mutasyonu gösterilirken, 1'er hastada KRAS ve RAF1 mutasyonu gösterilmiş ve bu hastaların klinik bulguları değerlendirilmiştir. Tipik yüz görünümü (%87), pektus deformitesi (%67) ve erkeklerde kriptorşidizm (%75) mutasyon-pozitif 15 hastada en sık rastlanan özelliklerdi. Sadece PTPN11 geninde mutasyon taşıyan olguların moleküler ve klinik bulguları genotip-fenotip ilişkisi üzerine yazılmış literatür ışığında tartışıldı. Olgu serimizde PTPN11 geninde en sık gözlenen 923A>G mutasyonuydu, ikinci sırada ise 922A>G mutasyonu gözlendi. 922A>G mutasyonunu taşıyan bireylerin özel eğitime gereksinimlerinin belirgin olmaması ile ilişkili literatür bilgisi, çalışmamız verisi ile de desteklenmektedir. Sonuç: Noonan sendromu hastalarında özellikle hematolojik malignitelere yatkınlık iyi tanımlanmış olmasına rağmen, literatürde sadece 5 olguda sinir sistemi neoplazileri bildirilmiştir. PTPN11 geninde 923A>G mutasyonu saptanan bir olgumuzda sınıf II astrositoma gelişimi, bu yöndeki literatüre olası katkı açısından anlamlıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Noonan sendromu; PTPN11 proteini; astrositom; genotip-fenotip ilişkisi
ABSTRACT
Objective: Our study is the first study on Noonan patients from Turkey, in which 15 mutation positive Noonan syndrome patients' clinical and molecular data and their genotype-phenotype correlations are discussed in relation with previous reports from the literature. Material and Methods: Thirty five patients who were referred to Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Genetics and clinically diagnosed as Noonan syndrome, were molecularly tested in Department of Human Genetics, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium for mutations in PTPN11, SOS1, KRAS and RAF1 genes. Results: Out of the 35 cases, 15 patients were mutation positive. Thirteen of them were found to have PTPN11 mutations and the remaining two had mutations in KRAS and RAF1. Characteristic facies (%87), pectus deformity (%67) and cryptorchidism in males (%75) were the most commonly observed features in mutation-positive patients. PTPN11 mutation positive patients' clinical and molecular data were analyzed and compared with genotype-phenotype correlations discussed in the literature. 923A>G mutation was the most common mutation observed in our PTPN11 mutation positive patients, with 922A>G being the second. Our patients with 922A>G mutations were academically succesful in accordance with previous reports. Conclusion: Although Noonan syndrome-hematologic malignancy association is well documented in the literature, only 5 cases with central nervous system neoplasias have been reported. Presence of grade II astrocytoma in one of our cases with 923A>G mutation is a further addition to this association.

Keywords: Noonan syndrome; PTPN11 protein, human; astrocytoma; genotype

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