Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

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Total Diz Protezi Ameliyatı Planlanan Hastaların Cerrahi Korku Düzeyleri ile Ameliyat Sonrası Ağrı Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi
Determination of the Relationship Between Surgical Fear Levels and Postoperative Pain Levels in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Prosthesis Surgery
Zeynep METEa, Sevcan AVCI IŞIKb
aBaşkent Üniversitesi Ankara Hastanesi, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
bBaşkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2020;12(3):337-47
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2019-73129
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Total diz protezi ameliyatı planlanan hastaların cerrahi korku düzeyleri ile ameliyat sonrası ağrı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı özellikte olan araştırmanın uygulaması, Aralık 2018-Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında Ankara ilinde bulunan bir vakıf hastanesine total diz protezi ameliyatı olmak için başvuran, örnekleme dahil olma kriterlerine uyan ve katılmayı kabul eden 74 hastayla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri 'Hasta Tanıtıcı Bilgileri Veri Toplama Formu', 'Cerrahi Korku Ölçeği (CKÖ - Surgical Fear Questinonaire - SFQ)', 'Görsel Kıyaslama Ölçeği (GKÖ)', 'Ameliyat Sonrası Ağrı Değerlendirilmesi ve Analjezik Kullanma Durumu Formu' ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmada hastaların CKÖ toplam puan ortalaması 33.89±24.04 olup, kısa dönem korkular alt boyutu puan ortalaması 15.44±14.38, uzun dönem korkular alt boyutu puan ortalaması 18.44±11.30'dır. Hastaların ameliyat sonrası ağrı puan ortalamasının 2.19±1.09 olduğu belirlendi. Hastaların ağrı puan ortalaması ile CKÖ toplam ve alt boyutlarının puan ortalaması arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (sırasıyla rs=0.568, p<0.001; rs=0.486, p<0,001; rs=0.588, p<0,001). Daha önce ameliyat olan hastaların kısa dönem korkular puan ortalaması, verilen eğitimi yetersiz bulan hastaların ölçek toplam, kısa ve uzun dönem korkular puan ortalaması anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (p=0.027). Hastaların eğitim düzeyi, uygulanan anestezi türü ile ağrı puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu (sırasıyla p=0.010, p=0.030); ilk mobilizasyon zamanı ile ağrı puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlendi (rs=0.331, p=0.004). Sonuç: Ameliyat öncesinde korku düzeyi yüksek olan hastaların ameliyat sonrasında daha fazla ağrı yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir. Cerrahi girişim planlanan hastaların cerrahi korku düzeyleri, nedenleri belirlenerek korkuyu azaltacak hemşirelik girişimlerinin uygulanması ve hasta eğitimlerinin bu doğrultuda kapsamlı verilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Diz protezi; korku; ameliyat sonrası ağrı; hemşirelik
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between surgical fear levels and postoperative pain levels of patients undergoing total knee prosthesis surgery. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with 74 patients who applied to a foundation hospital in Ankara for total knee prosthesis surgery between December 2018- May 2019, met the inclusion criteria and accepted to participate. The data of the study were collected with 'Patient Descriptive Data Collection Form','Surgical Fear Questinonaire (SFQ)','Visual Analog Scale (VAS)','Postoperative Pain Assessment and Analgesic Use Status Form'. Results: In the study the total SFQ score of patients was 33.89±24.04, the short-term fears subscale score was 15.44±14.38, and the long-term fears subscale score was 18.44±11.30. The mean postoperative pain score was 2.1±1.09. A significant positive correlation was found between the mean pain score and the mean total SFQ and subscale score of the patients (respectively rs=0.568, p<0,001; rs=0.486, p<0,001; rs=0.588, p<0,001). Mean short-term fears subscale scores of the patients who had previous surgery and the mean total SFQ and subscale scores of the patients who found education insufficient were significantly higher (p=0.027). It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the education level of the patients, the type of anesthesia and the mean pain score(respectively p=0.010, p=0.030) and there was a positive correlation between the first mobilization time and the mean pain score (rs=0,331, p=0.004). Conclusion: It was determined that patients who had high levels of fear preoperatively experienced more postoperative pain. It is recommended that the surgical fear levels, causes of the patients planned for surgical intervention should be determined and nursing interventions to reduce fear should be applied and patient education should be given in this direction.

Keywords: Knee prosthesis; fear; postoperative pain; nursing
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