Turkiye Klinikleri Cardiovascular Sciences

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Tip 2 Diyabeti Olan Bireylere Verilen Eğitimin (Sohbet Haritasına Dayalı) Ayak Bakım Davranışlarına ve Diyabetik Ayak Risk Faktörlerine Etkisi
Inflfluence of Education Given to Type 2 Diabetes Patients (Based on Conversation Map) on Their Foot-Care Behaviors and on Diabetic Foot Risk Factors
Dilek BÜYÜKKAYA BESENa, Nalan AYDINb, Belgin BEKTAŞb, Özgül VATANSEVERb, Hamdiye ARDA SÜRÜCÜc
aİç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği AD, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi,
bEndokrinoloji AD, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Diyabet Eğitim Merkezi, İzmir
cDicle Üniversitesi Atatürk Sağlık Yüksekokulu, Diyarbakır
Turkiye Klinikleri J Cardiovasc Sci. 2018;30(2):58-68
doi: 10.5336/cardiosci.2018-62474
Article Language: TR
Full Text
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Amaç:Diyabetli hastalarda amputasyonların en yaygın nedeni ayak ülserleridir. Ülsere neden olan en yaygın sebepler nöropati, deformite ve travmalardır. Tüm diyabetli bireylerde ayaklardaki risk durumunu tanılamak ve eğitim ayak ülserini önlemenin en önemli yoludur. Bu çalışmada, sohbet haritaları (Conversation Map) yöntemiyle verilen eğitimin Tip 2 diyabetli bireylerin ayak bakım davranışları ve diyabetik ayak risk faktörleri üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu araştırma tanımlayıcı olarak bir üniversite hastanesi diyabet eğitim merkezinde kayıtlı, sohbet haritaları yöntemiyle eğitim verilen diyabetli bireylerin kayıtlı dokümanları üzerinde yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında sohbet haritalarına dayalı dört eğitim oturumunu tamamlamış diyabetli bireylerin kayıtları araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışmada, diyabetli bireylerin eğitim öncesi ile eğitim sonrası 12. ay ayak bakım davranışları ve diyabetik ayak risk faktörleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Sohbet haritaları yöntemiyle grup eğitimi alan diyabetli bireylerin, eğitim öncesi ile eğitim sonrası onikinci ay ayak bakım davranışları arasında, ayak bakımının yeterliliği, ayak bakımını ne sıklıkta yaptığı, diyabetik ayak risk faktörlerinden ısı, nemlilik açısından zamana göre anlamlı değişim olduğu gözlenmiştir. Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda, sohbet haritası kullanılarak uygulanan eğitim programının, diyabetli bireylerin ayak bakım davranışları üzerine olumlu yönde etkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Sohbet haritasına dayalı verilen eğitimlerin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi için daha büyük örneklemlerde ve randomize kontrollü çalışmalarla test edilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Diyabetik ayak; ayak bakım davranışları; grup eğitimi; sohbet haritaları
ABSTRACT
Objective: The most common cause of amputations in diabetes patients is the foot ulcer. The most prevalent factors leading to ulcer include neuropathy, deformity and traumas. Defining the foot risk factors for all diabetes patients and giving related education constitute the most important way of preventing foot ulcer. The purpose of the present study was to examined the influence of education given with the method of Conversation Map (Diabetes conversations) on Type-2 diabetes individuals' diabetic foot behaviors and on the diabetic foot risk factors. Material and Methods: The study was carried out using the descriptive method with the records of diabetes individuals who were all registered to a diabetes education center of a university hospital and who took education with the method of conversation maps. Within the scope of the study, four training sessions based on conversation maps were held with diabetes patients. In the study, the 12th-month foot care behaviors of individuals before and after the education process and the diabetic foot risk factors were compared. Results: The results revealed a significant change over time-before and after the education process-between the 12th-month foot care behaviors of diabetes individuals who took group education with the conversation map method with respect to foot care efficiency, foot care frequency, and with respect to the diabetic foot risk factors of temperature and humidity. Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrated that the map-based program had positive influence on the patients' diabetic foot behaviors. For the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of the education given based on the conversation map, future studies could be carried out with larger research samples using the randomized controlled design.

Keywords: Diabetic foot; foot care behaviors; group education; conversation map

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