Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Anesthesiology Reanimation

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Tıbbi Uygulama Hatalarına Yönelik Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasa Mahkemesi Kararlarının İncelenmesinde; Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon Uzmanlığı ile İlgili Hatalı Tıbbi Uygulama İddialarının Tespiti ve Analizi: Kesitsel Araştırma
Identification and Analysis of Alleged Malpractice Cases Related to Anesthesiology and Reanimation in the Examination of the Constitutional Court Decisions of the Republic of Türkiye on Medical Malpractice: Cross-Sectional Research
Necmiye ŞENGELa , Mehmet ALTUNDİŞb , Ömer KURTİPEKc , Mustafa ARSLANc
aGazi Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Ağız Diş ve Çene Cerrahisi AD, Ankara, Türkiye
bTürkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasa Mahkemesi, Ankara, Türkiye
cGazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon AD, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Anest Reanim. 2025;23(1):15-26
doi: 10.5336/anesthe.2025-109499
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Her hekimin temel amacı hastasının şifa bulmasıdır. Ancak hekim muayene ve tedavi hususunda azami dikkat ve ihtimamı gösterse de bazen tıbbi girişimler sonucu istenmeyen sonuçlar ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bireysel başvuru yoluyla yansımış ve karara bağlanmış hatalı anestezi uygulaması iddiası bulunan tıbbi uygulamaların yer aldığı kararların incelenerek değerlendirilmesi; anesteziyoloji ve reanimasyon ana bilim dalı alanında çalışanlar için aydınlatıcı olması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Anayasa Mahkemesi kararları 7-11 Ağustos 2023 tarihlerinde, https://kararlarbilgibankasi.anayasa.gov.tr/ adresinin bireysel başvuru kısmına ''anestezi'' anahtar kelimesi yazılarak incelendiğinde 2012-2023 yılları arasındaki 58 karara ulaşılmış, 12 kararda anesteziyoloji ve reanimasyon ana bilim dalını ilgilendiren hatalı tıbbi uygulama iddiası bulunduğu görülmüş, çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Veriler SPSS 20.0 programına aktarılarak tanımlayıcı bulgular elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Hatalı tıbbi uygulama iddiası bulunan 12 dosyada tıbbi uygulamaların sonucunda %58,4'ünde ölüm, %16,7'sinde beyin hasarı ve %8,3'er olguda doku kaybı, belden aşağısının felç olması-idrar yapamama ve genital bölgede uyuşukluk olduğu; anestezi uzmanlarının en yüksek oranla (%50), ilgili sonucun anestezi uygulamasının komplikasyonu olup olmadığı nedeniyle yargılanmış olduğu; söz konusu iddiaların %16,7'sinin postoperatif komplikasyonlarla ilişkili olduğu; ilgili kararların %41,7'sinde, yaşam hakkının ihlal edildiğine ilişkin iddianın kabul edilebilir olduğu, yeniden yargılama yapılması için yerel mahkemeye gönderildiği görülmüştür. Sonuç: Tıbbi uygulama hatası iddialarına karşı; tıbbi kayıtların standardize edilmesi, usulüne uygun şekilde kayıt altına alınması ve düzgün şekilde arşivlenmesi her bilim dalı için sağlanmalıdır. Hukuki savunma gerektiğinde bilirkişi ve mahkemeler somut delillerle hekimin ve kurumun hatası olup olmadığını tarafsız bir şekilde değerlendirebilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasa Mahkemesi; anestezi; hatalı tıbbi uygulama
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The primary goal of every physician is for their patient to recover. However, even if the physician shows utmost care and attention in examination and treatment, undesirable results may sometimes occur due to medical interventions. This study aims to examine and evaluate the decisions that include medical practices that are alleged to have erroneous anesthesia application and that have been reflected to the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Türkiye through individual applications and concluded and to be enlightening for those working in the department of anesthesiology and reanimation. Material and Methods: When the Constitutional Court decisions were examined on 7-11 August 2023 by typing the keyword ''anesthesia'' in the individual application section of the address https://kararlarbilgibankasi.anayasa.gov.tr/, 58 decisions between the years 2012- 2023 were reached. It was seen that 12 decisions contained allegations of erroneous medical practice concerning the department of anesthesiology and reanimation, and they were included in the study. Data were transferred to the SPSS 20.0 program, and descriptive findings were obtained. Results: In 12 files where there was a claim of medical malpractice, it was observed that as a result of medical practices, 58.4% resulted in death, 16.7% in brain damage and 8.3% in tissue loss, paralysis below the waist-inability to urinate and numbness in the genital area; anesthesiologists were tried with the highest rate (50%) due to whether the relevant result was a complication of anesthesia application; 16.7% of the claims were related to postoperative complications; in 41.7% of the decisions, the claim that the right to life was violated was accepted and sent to the local court for retrial. Conclusion: In the face of claims of medical malpractice, standardization of medical records, proper recording, and archiving should be ensured for every branch of science. When legal defense is required, experts and courts can impartially evaluate whether the doctor and the institution are at fault with concrete evidence.

Keywords: Constitutional Court of the Republic of Türkiye; anesthesia; medical malpractice
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