Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Pediatrics

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Factors Associated with Sleeping Habits and Sleeping Problems of 3-12 Months Infants: A Cross-Sectional Study
3-12 Aylık Bebeklerin Uyku Alışkanlıkları ve Uyku Sorunları ile İlişkili Etmenler: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Bircan KAHRAMAN BERBEROĞLUa, Hüsniye ÇALIŞIRa
aAydın Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Nursing, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Aydın, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr. 2020;29(2):82-91
doi: 10.5336/pediatr.2019-70714
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was carried out to determine sleeping habits and sleeping problems and to examine factors the related to sleeping problems in infants aged 3-12 months. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 252 infants aged 3-12 months selected through simple random sampling. Data collection was performed by using Parent-Infant Descriptive Form and Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. Results: The median frequency of waking up at night was three, duration of staying awake was 30 minutes, duration of daytime sleep was 30 minutes and the total duration of sleep was ten hours. Eleven-point nine percent (n=30) of the infants woke up more than three times a night, 30.2% (n=76) of the infants woke up and stayed awake for more than one hour a night, 35.7% (n=90) of the infants had less than nine hours sleep and 52.8% (n=133) of the infants had sleeping problems. When other factors were kept under control, mothers' being literate or primary school graduates (p=0.030), exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.001) and swinging infants to make them sleep (p=0.029) were found to be the factors which reduce sleeping problems. Conclusion: More than half of the infants aged 3-12 months had sleeping problems and maternal education status, type of infant nutrition and parental behavior of putting their infants to sleep had an influence on these problems. Having knowledge about risk factors of sleeping problems in infants younger than one year old will contribute to prevention or reduction of problems. Child health professionals (nurses, midwives, family physicians, pediatricians) should provide parents education about safe sleeping, sleeping ecology and behavior appropriate for prevention of sleeping problems.

Keywords: Infant; sleep; sleeping problems
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma 3-12 aylık bebeklerin uyku alışkanlıklarını ve uyku sorunlarını belirlemek, uyku sorunları ile ilişkili etmenleri incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel tipte olan bu çalışmaya basit rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 3-12 aylık 252 bebek alındı. Veriler Ebeveyn-Bebek Bilgi Formu ve Bebek (Kısa) Uyku Sorunları Tanılama Formu kullanılarak toplandı. Bulgular: Bebeklerin ortanca gece uyanma sıklığı 3 kez, gece uyanık kalma süresi 30 dakika, gündüz uyku süresi 2 saat ve toplam uyku süresi yaklaşık 10 saat olarak bulundu. Bebeklerin %11,9'unun (n=30) gecede üç kereden fazla uyandığı, %30,2'sinin (n=76) gece uyanarak bir saatten fazla uyanık kaldığı, %35,7'sinin (n=90) toplam uyku süresinin dokuz saatten daha az olduğu ve %52,8'inin (n=133) uyku sorunu yaşadığı saptandı. Diğer etmenler kontrol altına alındıktan sonra annenin okuryazar ya da ilkokul mezunu olmasının (p=0,030), bebeğin sadece anne sütü ile besleniyor olmasının (p=0,001) ve sallayarak uyutulmasının (p=0,029) uyku sorununu azaltan etmenler olduğu bulundu. Sonuç: Bu araştırmada 3-12 aylık bebeklerin yarısından fazlasında uyku sorunu görüldüğü; annenin eğitim düzeyi, bebeğin beslenme şekli ve anne-babanın uyutma davranışlarının bebeğin uyku sorununu etkilediği bulundu. Bir yaşın altındaki bebeklerde uyku sorunları ile ilişkili risk etmenlerinin bilinmesi, bebeklerde uyku sorunlarının önlenmesi ya da azaltılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır. Çocuk sağlığı ile ilgilenen profesyoneller (hemsireler, ebeler, aile hekimleri, pediatri hekimleri) anne- babalara güvenli uyku, uyku ekolojisi ve uyku sorunlarının önlenmesine yönelik uygun davranışlar konusunda eğitim ve danışmanlık vermelidirler.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Bebek; uyku; uyku sorunları
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