Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Evaluation of the Awareness About the Effects of Smoking on Oral and Periodontal Health
Sigaranın Ağız ve Diş Eti Sağlığı Üzerindeki Etkileri ile İlişkili Farkındalığın Değerlendirilmesi
Mediha Nur NIŞANCI YILMAZa, Elif İNÖNÜa, Bahar Füsun ODUNCUOĞLUa, Deniz ÖZONURb
aDepartmen of Periodontology, Başkent University Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, TURKEY
bDepartment of Statistics, Gazi University Faculty of Science, Ankara, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2021;27(4):652-9
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2020-80645
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The clinical signs of periodontal disease may negatively affect the quality of life. In addition, smoking is an important risk factor for oral and periodontal diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the patients' awareness of the effects of smoking on oral health and investigate the impacts of periodontal disease on oral health-related quality of life. Material and Methods: One hundred and forty participants were diagnosed according to the 2017 classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions. A questionnaire was used to analyze the patients' awareness of the effects of smoking and oral health-related quality of life was measured using Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) scale. Statistical tests were performed in order to assess the association between categorical variables and ordinal logistic regression was applied to evaluate risk factors of the OHIP-14 score. Results: The patients included in the study had low level of awareness of the relationship between smoking and the failure of periodontal and implant therapy. There was a significant difference among smokers, non- and ex-smokers in awareness of the effect of smoking on taste alteration. In study group, 32% of patients were diagnosed with gingivitis, 52% of patients were diagnosed with periodontitis and 16% of patients were diagnosed with reduced periodontium with gingivitis. No significant difference was found among periodontal disease groups in terms of total OHIP-14 scores. Conclusion: As a result of this study, smokers were aware of the effects of smoking on oral health as well as non-smokers and ex-smokers. It is important that dental professionals should inform their patients about the oral effects of smoking and encourage smoking cessation.

Keywords: Periodontitis; smoking; awareness; quality of life
ÖZET
 Amaç: Periodontal hastalık, bulgu ve semptomları yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkileyebilir. Ek olarak sigara, oral ve periodontal hastalıklar için önemli bir risk faktörüdür. Bu nedenle bu çalışmanın amacı, hastaların sigara içmenin ağız sağlığı üzerindeki etkileri hakkındaki farkındalığını değerlendirmek ve periodontal hastalığın ağız sağlığı ile ilişkili yaşam kalitesine etkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Yüz kırk katılımcıya, 2017 periodontal ve peri-implant hastalıklar ve durumların sınıflandırılmasına göre teşhis konuldu. Hastaların, sigaranın etkileri hakkındaki farkındalıklarını analiz etmek için bir anket kullanıldı ve ağız sağlığı ile ilişkili yaşam kalitesi Oral Sağlık Etki Profili-14 ölçeği ile değerlendirildi. Kategorik değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek için istatistiksel testler yapıldı ve Oral Sağlık Etki Profili-14 ölçeği skorunun risk faktörlerini değerlendirmek için ordinal lojistik regresyon uygulandı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dâhil edilen hastalar, sigara ile periodontal ve implant tedavileri başarısızlığı arasındaki ilişki bakımından düşük düzeyde farkındalığa sahipti. Sigaranın tat değişikliği üzerine etkisinin farkındalığı bakımından; sigara içen, hiç içmemiş ve eski içiciler arasında anlamlı fark vardı. Çalışma grubunda, hastaların %32'sine gingivitis, %52'sine periodontitis, %16'sına azalmış periodonsiyumda gingivitis teşhisi konmuştur. Periodontal hastalık grupları arasında total Oral Sağlık Etki Profili-14 ölçeği puanları bakımından anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı. Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre sigara kullananlar, hiç kullanmamış ve eski içiciler kadar sigaranın oral sağlığa etkileri ile ilgili farkındalığa sahiptirler. Bununla birlikte diş hekimlerinin, hastalarını sigaranın oral etkileri ile ilgili bilgilendirmesi ve sigara bırakma konusunda cesaretlendirmesi önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Periodontit; sigara içme; farkındalık; yaşam kalitesi
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