Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Effectiveness of Vaccines in Older Individuals Diagnosed with COVID-19: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
COVID-19 Tanısı Alan Yaşlı Bireylerde Aşıların Etkinliği: Retrospektif Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Oğuzhan AYKURTa , Tahsin Barış DEĞERb
aÇankırı Provincial Health Directorate, Çankırı, Türkiye
bDepartment of Gerontology, Çankırı Karatekin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Çankırı, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2023;8(2):308-15
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2022-94635
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of vaccination status and vaccine types on the course and outcomes of the disease in the older individuals diagnosed with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Material and Methods: The study included 1,258 individuals aged 65 years and older who were diagnosed with COVID-19 [polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test positive] between February and March 2022, and the study was conducted retrospectively. The vaccination status of the individuals, the types of vaccines administered to the individuals, and the number of vaccines were obtained from the Vaccine Tracking System. PCR results, hospitalization, and rates of death were obtained from the Public Health Management System. Results: Over 80 years of age was identified as a significant risk factor. In patients vaccinated with at least one dose of mRNA, the rate of intensive care unit treatment was 1%, and the rate of exitus was 0.2%. While 14% of individuals who had never been vaccinated were treated in the intensive care unit, all of these individuals became exitus. Among individuals vaccinated with at least 2 doses of inactivated vaccine, 6.4% were admitted to the intensive care unit, while 5% became exitus. It was determined that patients who received at least one dose of the mRNA vaccine were 93% protected from the need for intensive care and 99% protected from death. Conclusion: In terms of public health policies, appropriate vaccination, planning, and implementation of booster doses after vaccination are the most effective methods to protect older people from COVID-19.

Keywords: Aged; vaccination; COVID-19; inactivated vaccine; mRNA vaccine
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] tanısı almış yaşlı bireylerde aşılama durumları ve aşı çeşitlerinin hastalığın seyri ve sonuçları üzerindeki etkisini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Şubat-Mart 2022 tarihleri arasında COVID-19 [polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (polymerase chain reaction ''PCR'') testi pozitif] tanısı konan 65 yaş ve üstü 1.258 birey dâhil edildi ve çalışma retrospektif olarak yapıldı. Bireylerin aşılanma durumları, bireylere uygulanan aşı türleri ve aşılanma sayıları Aşı Takip Sistemi'nden elde edildi. PCR sonuçları, hastaneye yatış ve ölüm oranları ise Halk Sağlığı Yönetim Sistemi'nden elde edildi. Bulgular: Seksen yaş üstü olmak önemli bir risk faktörü olarak belirlendi. En az bir doz mRNA ile aşılanan hastalarda yoğun bakımda tedavi görme oranı %1, eksitus oranı %0,2 idi. Hiç aşı yaptırmayan bireylerin %14'ü yoğun bakımda tedavi altına alınırken tamamı eksitus oldu. En az 2 doz inaktif aşı ile aşılanan bireylerin %6,4'ü yoğun bakıma yatarken, %5'i eksitus oldu. En az bir doz mRNA aşısı yapılan bireylerin, %93 oranında yoğun bakım ihtiyacından, %99 oranında ise ölümden korunduğu belirlendi. Sonuç: Halk sağlığı politikaları açısından uygun aşılama, planlama ve aşılama sonrası rapel dozların uygulanması yaşlı bireyleri COVID-19'dan korumada en etkili yöntemlerdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yaşlı; aşılama; COVID-19; inaktive aşı; mRNA aşısı
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30.03.2014

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