Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

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Süt İkinci Azı Hipomineralizasyonu ve Güncel Tedavi Yaklaşımları: Geleneksel Derleme
Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars and Current Treatment Approach: A Traditional Review
İlke GEZERa,b, Elif Bahar TUNA İNCEa
aİstanbul Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Çocuk Diş Hekimliği ABD, İstanbul, Türkiye
bİstanbul Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2023;29(4):621-30
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2023-98359
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Minenin hipomineralizasyon defektleri, süt ve sürekli dişlenme döneminde sıklıkla görülebilen bozukluklar olup, sürekli dişlerde sıklıkla molar insizör hipomineralizasyonu [molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH)], dental florozis ve amelogenesis imperfekta olgularında gözlenmektedir. En az bir sürekli birinci molar dişin ve bazı durumlarda sürekli kesici dişlerin de etkilendiği; okluzal ve insizal yüzeylerde belirgin sınırlı; rengi sarı, kahverengi ve beyaz olarak değişebilen opasitelerle karakterize, sistemik kökenli minenin kalitatif defektleri ''MIH'' olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Süt dentisyonda MIH benzeri defektlere süt ikinci azı dişlerinde de rastlanmaktadır ve bu durum süt ikinci azı hipomineralizasyonu [hypomineralized second primary molar (HSPM)] olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Bu olgularda tek bir süt ikinci azı dişi etkilenebileceği gibi tüm süt ikinci azı dişlerinde de mine hipomineralizasyonu gözlenebilmektedir. Birden fazla dişin etkilendiği durumlarda, çocuklarda diş tedavilerinin süresi ve seans sayısı artığından kooperasyon problemleri yaşanabilmektedir. Olguların şiddeti ve defektin büyüklüğüne göre farklı tedavi yaklaşımları planlanması gerekmektedir. HSPM, MIH ile ilişkili bulunmuş olup, MIH oluşumunun erken dönemdeki işareti olarak görülmektedir. HSPM'nin erken teşhisi, koruyucu ve restoratif tedavi planlaması; daimî birinci molar dişlerin ve etkilenen dişlerin prognozu ve dolayısıyla çocuğun ileri dönemdeki ağız diş sağlığı bakımından önem taşımaktadır. Bu derlemede, HSPM olgularının klinik özellikleri ve şiddetine göre güncel tedavi yöntemleri incelenmiş ve tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Koruyucu diş hekimliği; diş minesi hipoplazisi; çocuklarda diş bakımı; diş, geçici; dişi mineralsizleştirme
ABSTRACT
 Enamel hypomineralization defects are developmental disorders that can be seen frequently in primary and permanent dentition and they are frequently observed in cases of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH), dental fluorosis and amelogenesis imperfecta in permanent teeth. Molar incisor hypomineralization refers to the systemic-originated hypomineralization affecting the 1-4 first permanent molars and often associated with affected incisors. It is characterized by white, yellow or brown demarcated opacities on the occlusal and incisal surfaces. MIH-like defects in primary dentition are also seen in primary second molars, and this condition is called hypomineralized second primary molar (HSPM). In these cases, only one primary second molar may be affected, as well as enamel hypomineralization can be seen in all primary second molars. In cases which more than one tooth is affected, cooperation problems may occur as the duration of dental treatments and the number of sessions increase. Different treatment approaches should be planned according to the severity and size of defects. HSPM is observed to be associated with molar incisor hypomineralization and is seen as an early sign of molar incisor hypomineralization. Early diagnosis of HSPM, its preventive and restorative treatment planning are important for the prognosis of permanent first molars and affected teeth, and therefore for the child's future oral and dental health. In this review, current treatment approaches according to clinical features and severity of HSPM are examined and discussed.

Keywords: Preventive dentistry; dental enamel hypoplasia; dental care for children; tooth, deciduous; tooth demineralization
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